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[Show more]Acute glomerulonephritis an immune reaction to a strep infection that causes immune complexes to become trapped in the glomerular capillary loop. This causes obstruction, edema, and vasospasm within the kidney. This causes swelling, decreasing the glomerular filtration rate which decreases the remov...
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Add to cartAcute glomerulonephritis an immune reaction to a strep infection that causes immune complexes to become trapped in the glomerular capillary loop. This causes obstruction, edema, and vasospasm within the kidney. This causes swelling, decreasing the glomerular filtration rate which decreases the remov...
Which kidney disease is sudden? Acute kidney injury (AKI) 
Which kidney disease is gradual, often occurring over many years? Chronic kidney disease 
What is the most common cause of AKI? Acute tubular necrosis 
What is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease? Diabetic nephropathy 
What are t...
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Add to cartWhich kidney disease is sudden? Acute kidney injury (AKI) 
Which kidney disease is gradual, often occurring over many years? Chronic kidney disease 
What is the most common cause of AKI? Acute tubular necrosis 
What is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease? Diabetic nephropathy 
What are t...
Why are infants more sensitive to medications? 
a. Gastric emptying is faster b. Protein binding of medications is limited c. Liver enzymes are more efficient d. Decreased peristalsis b. Protein binding of medications is limited 
Rationale: Gastric emptying is irregular with frequent feedings; liver...
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Add to cartWhy are infants more sensitive to medications? 
a. Gastric emptying is faster b. Protein binding of medications is limited c. Liver enzymes are more efficient d. Decreased peristalsis b. Protein binding of medications is limited 
Rationale: Gastric emptying is irregular with frequent feedings; liver...
ADHD medication indications and side effects Start at small initial doses Monitor for side effects of appetite loss, abdominal pain, headaches, sleep disturbances (insomnia), HTN, and decrease in growth velocity Need close monitoring and follow up care my PCP Avoid stimulants w/hx of tic-like behavi...
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Add to cartADHD medication indications and side effects Start at small initial doses Monitor for side effects of appetite loss, abdominal pain, headaches, sleep disturbances (insomnia), HTN, and decrease in growth velocity Need close monitoring and follow up care my PCP Avoid stimulants w/hx of tic-like behavi...
Why do children contract respiratory diseases more rapidly? there respiratory structure are in closer proximity 
How do a child's eating behaviors relate to their ability to contract respiratory diseases? anatomical difference results in easier pulling of gunk into their ears 
How is a baby's eust...
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Add to cartWhy do children contract respiratory diseases more rapidly? there respiratory structure are in closer proximity 
How do a child's eating behaviors relate to their ability to contract respiratory diseases? anatomical difference results in easier pulling of gunk into their ears 
How is a baby's eust...
Which of the following is true about sedating patient in the ICU? 
1. Patients in the Icu must be sedated 2. Most patients who are intubated are sedated 3. All sedative medications provide pain relief 4. Sedated patients require less monitoring 2. Most patients who are intubated are sedated 
Not eve...
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Add to cartWhich of the following is true about sedating patient in the ICU? 
1. Patients in the Icu must be sedated 2. Most patients who are intubated are sedated 3. All sedative medications provide pain relief 4. Sedated patients require less monitoring 2. Most patients who are intubated are sedated 
Not eve...
Which of the following is the body's first line of defense against an acid-base imbalance? 1. Respiratory buffers 2. Renal buffers 3. Ventricular buffers 4. Chemical and protein buffers 4. Chemical and protein buffers 
In regards to acid-base imbalance, what does "compensation" mean? 1. It is the...
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Add to cartWhich of the following is the body's first line of defense against an acid-base imbalance? 1. Respiratory buffers 2. Renal buffers 3. Ventricular buffers 4. Chemical and protein buffers 4. Chemical and protein buffers 
In regards to acid-base imbalance, what does "compensation" mean? 1. It is the...
Which of the following is the body's first line of defense against an acid-base imbalance? Chemical and protein buffers 
In regards to acid-base imbalance, what does "compensation" mean? It is the body's attempt to correct the acid-base imbalance 
Which of the following places a patient at risk ...
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Add to cartWhich of the following is the body's first line of defense against an acid-base imbalance? Chemical and protein buffers 
In regards to acid-base imbalance, what does "compensation" mean? It is the body's attempt to correct the acid-base imbalance 
Which of the following places a patient at risk ...
What is the purposes of dialysis? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY 
A) Dialysis can be used to treat drug overdoses 
B) Dialysis corrects fluid and electrolyte imbalances 
C) Dialysis cures kidney disease 
D) Dialysis removes waste products ABD 
 
Which of the following is true about Continuous Renal Replaceme...
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Add to cartWhat is the purposes of dialysis? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY 
A) Dialysis can be used to treat drug overdoses 
B) Dialysis corrects fluid and electrolyte imbalances 
C) Dialysis cures kidney disease 
D) Dialysis removes waste products ABD 
 
Which of the following is true about Continuous Renal Replaceme...
pH range 7.35-7.45 
PaCO2 range 35-45 mmHg 
HCO3 range 22-26 mEq/L 
PaO2 range 80-100 mmHg 
SaO2 range >95% 
Tidal volume (vT) 500 mL 
B-Adrenergic agonists (Albuterol) Indications: bradycardia, asthma, COPD Side effects: anxiety, HTN, ↑ HR, insomnia Nursing considerations: monitor HR & BP 
Mag...
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Add to cartpH range 7.35-7.45 
PaCO2 range 35-45 mmHg 
HCO3 range 22-26 mEq/L 
PaO2 range 80-100 mmHg 
SaO2 range >95% 
Tidal volume (vT) 500 mL 
B-Adrenergic agonists (Albuterol) Indications: bradycardia, asthma, COPD Side effects: anxiety, HTN, ↑ HR, insomnia Nursing considerations: monitor HR & BP 
Mag...
When do you nasally suction a neonate? Before bed and before they eat 
Atelectesis collapse of the lung 
If the infant has a low Heart Rate, what is the best first intervention? give them oxygen 
Breathing mechanics are affected by... compliance and resistance 
What is compliance? measure of the abi...
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Add to cartWhen do you nasally suction a neonate? Before bed and before they eat 
Atelectesis collapse of the lung 
If the infant has a low Heart Rate, what is the best first intervention? give them oxygen 
Breathing mechanics are affected by... compliance and resistance 
What is compliance? measure of the abi...
Autonomic nervous system and main neurotransmitters Sympathetic- norepinephrine 
Parasympathetic- acetylcholine 
 
First indicator that neurological functioning has declined Decreased LOC 
 
Levels of consciousness Alert: awake and responsive 
Lethargic: drowsy or sleepy but easily awakened 
(Obtu...
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Add to cartAutonomic nervous system and main neurotransmitters Sympathetic- norepinephrine 
Parasympathetic- acetylcholine 
 
First indicator that neurological functioning has declined Decreased LOC 
 
Levels of consciousness Alert: awake and responsive 
Lethargic: drowsy or sleepy but easily awakened 
(Obtu...
Gas exchange (O2 in, CO2 out) what is the purpose of the respiratory system? 
Nasal cavity and pharynx 
Conducts, warms, filters, and humidifies air 2 components and purpose of the upper airway 
Larynx, glottis, trachea, right and left mainstem bronchi (when trachea branches at angle of louis, bifur...
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Add to cartGas exchange (O2 in, CO2 out) what is the purpose of the respiratory system? 
Nasal cavity and pharynx 
Conducts, warms, filters, and humidifies air 2 components and purpose of the upper airway 
Larynx, glottis, trachea, right and left mainstem bronchi (when trachea branches at angle of louis, bifur...
Differentiated practice care delivery A method that maximizes nursing resources by focusing on the functions of nurses according to their education, experience, and competence. The responsibilities of RNs differ according to their education (ANS vs BSN). This also applies to professional nurses, LPN...
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Add to cartDifferentiated practice care delivery A method that maximizes nursing resources by focusing on the functions of nurses according to their education, experience, and competence. The responsibilities of RNs differ according to their education (ANS vs BSN). This also applies to professional nurses, LPN...
What is leadership? Leadership can be defined as influencing others to work together effectively. This definition indicates that leaders do not always have management positions. According to Gardner's (Yoder-Wise, 2003) tasks of leadership include: 
envisioning goals action affirming values motivat...
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Add to cartWhat is leadership? Leadership can be defined as influencing others to work together effectively. This definition indicates that leaders do not always have management positions. According to Gardner's (Yoder-Wise, 2003) tasks of leadership include: 
envisioning goals action affirming values motivat...
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Clinical manifestations of hypoglycemia - hungry - lightheaded - shaky - diaphoretic - irritable - tachycardia - unable to concentrate - headache 
Clinical manifestations of hyperglycemia - thirsty (younger children) - polyuria - dry mucus membranes - lethargy - confusion - hungry (older children) 
...
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Add to cartClinical manifestations of hypoglycemia - hungry - lightheaded - shaky - diaphoretic - irritable - tachycardia - unable to concentrate - headache 
Clinical manifestations of hyperglycemia - thirsty (younger children) - polyuria - dry mucus membranes - lethargy - confusion - hungry (older children) 
...
Poor weight gain, poor feeding, frequent respiratory infection, exercise intolerance, sibling/parent with cardiac defect what is the history of a child with a cardio problem? 
Increase hr, rr, widen pulse pressure, poor color, clubbing, murmur what are physical assessments of a child with a cardiova...
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Add to cartPoor weight gain, poor feeding, frequent respiratory infection, exercise intolerance, sibling/parent with cardiac defect what is the history of a child with a cardio problem? 
Increase hr, rr, widen pulse pressure, poor color, clubbing, murmur what are physical assessments of a child with a cardiova...
Ipratropium (atrovent) bronchodilator used in respiratory illness (bronchospasm); opens up the medium and large airways in the lungs through the relaxation of smooth; side effects: -anxiety -dizziness -palpitations -dry mouth -blurred vision -nasal congestion -nausea -cough -worsening of bronchospas...
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Add to cartIpratropium (atrovent) bronchodilator used in respiratory illness (bronchospasm); opens up the medium and large airways in the lungs through the relaxation of smooth; side effects: -anxiety -dizziness -palpitations -dry mouth -blurred vision -nasal congestion -nausea -cough -worsening of bronchospas...
Developmental differences between adult vs child respiratory system: 1. the nasopharynx is smaller (problem because it's easily occluded during infection) 2. the tonsils and adenoids (lymph tissue) grow rapidly and become swollen which can result in an airway obstruction; atrophy with age 3. nose i...
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Add to cartDevelopmental differences between adult vs child respiratory system: 1. the nasopharynx is smaller (problem because it's easily occluded during infection) 2. the tonsils and adenoids (lymph tissue) grow rapidly and become swollen which can result in an airway obstruction; atrophy with age 3. nose i...
Piaget created a theory of development related to what? Cognitive abilities varying from age to age 
Erikson created a theory of development related to what? Psychosocial development 
Birth to 12 months. Learns trust as basic needs are met. Mistrust if needs not met or unable to delay gratification....
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Add to cartPiaget created a theory of development related to what? Cognitive abilities varying from age to age 
Erikson created a theory of development related to what? Psychosocial development 
Birth to 12 months. Learns trust as basic needs are met. Mistrust if needs not met or unable to delay gratification....
3 Primary Sources that Pay for Healthcare Government (Medicare & Medicaid), private health insurance (through your job), and out-of-pocket (includes deductibles, copayments, and anything paid by the individual) 
Medicare Part A Federal program that is the insurance plan for hospital, hospice, home h...
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Add to cart3 Primary Sources that Pay for Healthcare Government (Medicare & Medicaid), private health insurance (through your job), and out-of-pocket (includes deductibles, copayments, and anything paid by the individual) 
Medicare Part A Federal program that is the insurance plan for hospital, hospice, home h...
What is the difference between sinus rhythm and sinus bradycardia? a. different rhythm b. different QRS complex c. different rates d. different p waves c. different rates 
Which intervals are traditionally measured to be able to evaluate an electrocardiogram? SATA a. QRS b. PR interval c. TR interva...
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Add to cartWhat is the difference between sinus rhythm and sinus bradycardia? a. different rhythm b. different QRS complex c. different rates d. different p waves c. different rates 
Which intervals are traditionally measured to be able to evaluate an electrocardiogram? SATA a. QRS b. PR interval c. TR interva...
A 2-month-old with a cleft lip is transferred to the pediatric floor immediately following surgical repair of the defect. Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform? 
a. Assess placement of the elbow restraints 
b. Assess placement of the gastrostomy tube 
c.Monitor the infant for...
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Add to cartA 2-month-old with a cleft lip is transferred to the pediatric floor immediately following surgical repair of the defect. Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform? 
a. Assess placement of the elbow restraints 
b. Assess placement of the gastrostomy tube 
c.Monitor the infant for...
What is the earliest indicator of change in neuro status? change in LOC 
What is the term for forgetfulness confusion 
What is the term for drowsy lethargy 
What is the term for arousable by stimulation obtunded 
What is the term for arousable by vigorous stimulation? stuporours 
What is the term fo...
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Add to cartWhat is the earliest indicator of change in neuro status? change in LOC 
What is the term for forgetfulness confusion 
What is the term for drowsy lethargy 
What is the term for arousable by stimulation obtunded 
What is the term for arousable by vigorous stimulation? stuporours 
What is the term fo...
What are classic signs and characteristics of breast cancer? Signs: -pitting edema -retracted nipple and areola -peau d' orange (Skin of an orange) Characteristics: -hard -non-mobile 
What is palpable and needs to be investigated in breast cancer? The supraclavicular node 
Who is at risk for breast...
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Add to cartWhat are classic signs and characteristics of breast cancer? Signs: -pitting edema -retracted nipple and areola -peau d' orange (Skin of an orange) Characteristics: -hard -non-mobile 
What is palpable and needs to be investigated in breast cancer? The supraclavicular node 
Who is at risk for breast...
A patient's pacemaker is firing electricity at the appropriate times, but the EKG shows a flat line with no EKG complex after each pacer spike. What pacemaker problem does this describe? a. Failure to capture b. Failure to sense c. Failure to pace d. Appropriately functioning pacemaker a. Failure t...
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Add to cartA patient's pacemaker is firing electricity at the appropriate times, but the EKG shows a flat line with no EKG complex after each pacer spike. What pacemaker problem does this describe? a. Failure to capture b. Failure to sense c. Failure to pace d. Appropriately functioning pacemaker a. Failure t...
Functions of the Renal System Filter blood plasma, acid-base balance, fluid-electrolyte balance, renin secretion, regulates BP, RBC production, and activates vitamin D (Calcitriol) synthesis 
Acute Kidney Injury Sudden onset, most common cause is acute tubular necrosis, diagnostic criteria includes ...
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Add to cartFunctions of the Renal System Filter blood plasma, acid-base balance, fluid-electrolyte balance, renin secretion, regulates BP, RBC production, and activates vitamin D (Calcitriol) synthesis 
Acute Kidney Injury Sudden onset, most common cause is acute tubular necrosis, diagnostic criteria includes ...
Decreased sleep leads to... increased risk for delirium 
Most common problem in ICU patients anxiety: threat to health/life, loss of control of body functions, foreign environment, lots of noise, pain, can't communicate 
How to promote sleep in ICU scheduled rest p periods, dim lights at night, pro...
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Add to cartDecreased sleep leads to... increased risk for delirium 
Most common problem in ICU patients anxiety: threat to health/life, loss of control of body functions, foreign environment, lots of noise, pain, can't communicate 
How to promote sleep in ICU scheduled rest p periods, dim lights at night, pro...
Malignant hyperthermia - genetically linked - adverse reaction to anesthesia with succinylcholine - very rapid increase in temp, tachycardia, hypotension, muscle rigidity - cyanosis - antidote = dantrolene (muscle relaxer) with 60ml sterile water - administer cold fluids - anything to reduce temp 
P...
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Add to cartMalignant hyperthermia - genetically linked - adverse reaction to anesthesia with succinylcholine - very rapid increase in temp, tachycardia, hypotension, muscle rigidity - cyanosis - antidote = dantrolene (muscle relaxer) with 60ml sterile water - administer cold fluids - anything to reduce temp 
P...
What are the benefits of standard formal RN dx statements SATA - fosters whos knowledge - provides precise defitions of - what does it say about the rns role - foster dev of RN knowledge - provides precise definitions of the pts problem - distinguishes the nurses role from other providers 
Post op p...
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Add to cartWhat are the benefits of standard formal RN dx statements SATA - fosters whos knowledge - provides precise defitions of - what does it say about the rns role - foster dev of RN knowledge - provides precise definitions of the pts problem - distinguishes the nurses role from other providers 
Post op p...
Assist/Control (AC) Ventilation Preset # of breaths and tidal volume (Vt) Patient may trigger additional breaths-considered a weaning mode Vt of spontaneous breaths DOES NOT vary- Ventilator supports ALL breaths (set RR and patient-triggered breaths) with the set Vt Ventilator performs most of the W...
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Add to cartAssist/Control (AC) Ventilation Preset # of breaths and tidal volume (Vt) Patient may trigger additional breaths-considered a weaning mode Vt of spontaneous breaths DOES NOT vary- Ventilator supports ALL breaths (set RR and patient-triggered breaths) with the set Vt Ventilator performs most of the W...
Which of the following patients is MOST likely to be experiencing delirium? A. A 94 year old female who answered "September 5" instead of "September 15" when asked what day it is B. A 34 year old male diagnosed with a right femur fracture who is talking in his sleep after receiving 1mg of Dilaud...
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Add to cartWhich of the following patients is MOST likely to be experiencing delirium? A. A 94 year old female who answered "September 5" instead of "September 15" when asked what day it is B. A 34 year old male diagnosed with a right femur fracture who is talking in his sleep after receiving 1mg of Dilaud...
Normal vital signs in adults Blood pressure: 90/60 mm Hg to 120/80 mm Hg. Breathing: 12 to 18 breaths per minute. Pulse: 60 to 100 beats per minute. Temperature: 97.8°F to 99.1°F (36.5°C to 37.3°C)/average 98.6°F (37°C) Spo2: 95-100% 
What can inadequate pain management and unrelieved pain lea...
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Add to cartNormal vital signs in adults Blood pressure: 90/60 mm Hg to 120/80 mm Hg. Breathing: 12 to 18 breaths per minute. Pulse: 60 to 100 beats per minute. Temperature: 97.8°F to 99.1°F (36.5°C to 37.3°C)/average 98.6°F (37°C) Spo2: 95-100% 
What can inadequate pain management and unrelieved pain lea...
Medicare the most expensive healthcare. Recipients are reimbursed by predetermined amount such as a fix cost per case. Hospitals are paid by the quality of service that is provided 
Medicaid a joint federal and state program that helps with costs for people with limited income and resources 
Diagnos...
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Add to cartMedicare the most expensive healthcare. Recipients are reimbursed by predetermined amount such as a fix cost per case. Hospitals are paid by the quality of service that is provided 
Medicaid a joint federal and state program that helps with costs for people with limited income and resources 
Diagnos...
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