CCRN EXAM PACKAGE DEAL QUESTIONS & ANSWERS RATED A

what are 3 treatments for DI? - 1) give ADH (pitressin, DDAVP), use cautiously in those with heart disease, may cause coronary artery ischemia 2) give fluids to replenish intravascular volume 3) monitor urinary output/specific gravity what is the pathophysiology of SIADH? (figure 10-1 pg 204) - ...

What value reflects right ventricular preload? - CVP or RA pressure In hypovolemic shock, does SVR increase or decrease? - increase CVP and PAOP are a measure of preload or after load? - preload Heart rate x stroke volume =? - cardiac output Stroke volume is dependent on what three concepts? - p...

Vasopressin in esophageal varices - Reduces portal hypertension (ran at high doses of 0.4-1) -Watch with CAD patients!! What is the most common cause of acute hepatic failure? - DILI (drug-induced)- most commonly by acetaminophen Why would you watch for sepsis in a hepatic failure patient? - Bac...

benefits of IABP - increased coronary artery perfusion decreased O2 demand increased O2 supply decreased afterload Pt getting IABP. Hour after return from Cath lab, pt has had minimal UOP. What would be most appropriate action? A. get CXR to verify catheter placement B. give fluid bolus C. a...

Side effects of Positive Pressure ventilation - 1. Increased intrathoracic pressure leads to decreased venous return to the heart, decreasing stroke volume, and CO Two types of ventilators - 1. Negative pressure ventilators- i.e iron lung 2. Positive pressure ventilators: hospital bedside ventila...

What patients should not receive NS for fluid replacement? - Hypernatremic Renal failure (R/t risk of hyperchloremic acidosis) What are the goals of fluid resuscitation for patients in shock? - MAP >65 CVP ~6 mmHg Urine output 0.5 ml/kg/hr Hgb >7 Symptoms of hypovolemic shock - Decreased...

Septic Shock Management Step Three - -Antibiotics (first 60 min) -Broad Spectrum antibiotics -Try to obtain culture first -Consider IM administration if hard to get IV access - Start with Gram Negative spectrum before Gram Positive Septic Shock Management Step One - - Recognition and Access: D...

Toddler w meningitis. Resistance when the lower legs are extended. She also cries when her legs are raised to change her diaper. Documents this as which of the following? a. Kernigs sign b. Brudinski sign c. Nuchal rigidity d. Battle sign - A. Kernig sign - back pain and resistance to lower le...

IV Infiltration: Management - Prevention Early identification Stop the infusion Elevate warm or cool compress Monitor the site Unstageable pressure injury - Full-thickness tissue loss of unknown depth. The base of the wound is completely obscured by slough and eschar. Pressure Injury: Stage ...

Tx to decrease preload - -Diuretics -Dilators (nitrates, nitroprusside, morphine) Define preload - -Preload is the volume/pressure in the ventricle at the end of DIASTOLE after the AV valves close, just prior to ejection -As preload increases, SV and CO will increase up to a point -Too high of ...

etiology of aneurysms - arteriosclerosis HTN smoking/obesity bacterial infections congenital defects Trauma Marfan's syndrome (connective tissue disorder) what other defect can cause systolic murmurs? - ventricular septal defect (heard on the left sternal border) relievers for Unstable ang...

Aortic Regurg sx - -Head bobbing with pulse -wide pulse pressure > 40 -water hammer pulse Aortic regurgitation causes - -HTN rheumatic fever endocarditis marfan syndrome and VAD S3 heard sound - fluid overload s4 heart sound - artium contract into noncompliant ventricle LV failure. A sp...

Which clinical sign might patients with both systolic and diastolic heart failure have in common? a) Peripheral edema b) Enlarged heart size on chest radiograph c) Lung crackles d) Ejection fraction less than 40% - Answer: C Both a problem with ejection (systolic failure) and a problem with fil...

Which of the following is considered to be an absolute contraindication for anticoagulation therapy in managing a VTE? A. Hypertensive patient B. Intracranial hemorrhage C. Postoperative patient D. Presence of epidural catheter - B Intracranial hemorrhage is an absolute contraindication to rec...