Practice Test 1 CCRN (Pass CCRN) Updated 2024/2025 Verified 100%
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Course
CCRN
Institution
CCRN
What is the difference between an anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reaction? - Anaphylactoid
reaction is clinically indistinguishable from anaphylactic reaction but does not require previous exposure
to the antigen. Anaphylactoid reaction is not IgE mediated, and direct activation and degranulation...
Practice Test 1 CCRN (Pass CCRN)
What is the difference between an anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reaction? - Anaphylactoid
reaction is clinically indistinguishable from anaphylactic reaction but does not require previous exposure
to the antigen. Anaphylactoid reaction is not IgE mediated, and direct activation and degranulation of
mast cells are thought to be triggered by the complement system. Anaphylactic reaction requires
previous exposure to the antigen and is IgE mediated
What happens to SvO2 if oxygen delivery decreases for any reason - SvO2 is a reflection of oxygen
reserve. If oxygen delivery is decreased, oxygen consumption continues, and oxygen reserve decreases.
SvO2 decreases any time the delivery of oxygen decreases or the consumption of the tissues increases
What ventilator parameter indicates fluid volume excess? - An A:a gradient greater than 10 mm
Hg is a reflection of a diffusion defect. Note that the process of diffusion is between A (alveolus) and (a)
arterial blood. An increase in intraalveolar fluid dilutes and inactivates surfactant, causing alveolar
collapse (decreasing vital capacity) and decreases lung compliance. Peak inspiratory pressure increases
reflect a decrease in lung compliance
What antihypertensive meds work best in African american patients? - African-Americans do not
respond well to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (e.g., captopril [Capoten]), but they do
respond well to an angiotensin II blocker (valsartan [Diovan]). Of the beta-blockers, labetalol works best.
Of the calcium channel blockers, diltiazem works best
How can you differentiate the cause of jaundice? - An increase in direct bilirubin is associated with
biliary obstruction because direct bilirubin is conjugated. An increase in indirect bilirubin is associated
with hepatic disease or excessive hemolysis because indirect bilirubin is unconjugated
What is vasogenic cerebral edema? - Vasogenic cerebral edema is an increase in extracellular fluid
caused by a breakdown of the blood-brain barrier with the resultant increase in vascular permeability.
This cerebral edema begins locally and becomes more generalized. Common causes are trauma
(including surgical trauma), tumors, hemorrhage, and abscesses
What does autonomy refer to? - The patient's right to make decisions for themselves
, What does beneficence mean? - Obligation to do good
What does nonmaleficence mean? - Obligation to do no harm
What does fidelity mean? - the obligation to abide by agreements and responsibilities
What does veracity mean? - The obligation to tell the truth
What are Diagnosis-Related groups? - DRGs constitute a prospective payment program for
Medicare patients. Payment is based on primary and secondary diagnosis, primary and secondary
procedures, age, and length of hospitalization
BNP is secreted in response to? - Ventricular wall stretch
What are omnious signs in a patient with status asthmaticus? - A normalization or increase in the
PaCO2. This patient is still tachypneic, and if ventilation is normal, PaCO2 should be decreased. The other
ominous sign in this patient would be absence of wheezing or rhonchi, because they would indicate that
ventilation is insufficient to cause these noises.
What problems arise from losses from the GI tract? - Any loss results in hypokalemia. Vomiting
results in loss of acidic contents, whereas losses below the pylorus result is alkalitic losses leading to
metabolic acidosis. Fluid is sequestered in the intestine leading to hypovolemia, which could cause
hypovolemic shock.
Actual problems are worse than potential problems!! -
What lab values define acute respiratory failure? - 50-50!
PaO2<50 and/or PaCO2>50
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