Micr 270 - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries
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MICR 270 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS WITH ALL ANSWERS UPDATED
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MICR 270 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS WITH ALL ANSWERS UPDATED 
Physical barriers (type of immune barrier) - Answer-- Made of every structure at interface between inside and outside of body (Like skin, cilia and bodily secretions) 
- Made of physical and chemical components 
- Function to prevent or slow down invasion of pathogens 
- Physical components include skin and mucous membranes (Skin provides barrier pathogens can't cross unless breached; Mucous membranes cover body cavities and contain specialize...
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MICR 270 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ALL ANSWERS VERIFIED
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MICR 270 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ALL ANSWERS VERIFIED 
ingestion - Answer-second step of phagocytosis 
 
pathogen is ingested, forming a phagosome within the cell 
 
fusion - Answer-third step of phagocytosis 
 
The phagosome fuses with a lysosome, releasing lysosomal enzymes 
 
digestion - Answer-fourth step of phagocytosis 
 
bacterium is killed and digested by the lysosomal enzymes 
 
release - Answer-last step of phagocytosis 
 
The digestion products are released from the cell via exocytosis...
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MICR 270 TESTED QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS REVISED & UPDATED!!
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MICR 270 TESTED QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS REVISED & UPDATED!! 
Steps of innate TLR recognition - Answer-1) TLRs recognize PAMPs/DAMPs and initiate phagocytosis 
2) Phagocyte presents pathogen on its cell surface through a complex called peptide:MHC complex (phagocyte is now an antigen-presenting cell) 
3) Phagocyte stimulates production of costimulatory molecules, which increase strength of antigen-presenting process 
4) T-cell binds to the peptide:MHC complex, which activates the T-cell 
 
Inflamm...
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MICR 270 Exam Study Guide | 100% Pass Guaranteed
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MICR 270 Exam Study Guide | 100% Pass 
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Bacteria - Answer - Unicellular, prokaryotic 
- No internal membranous structure (eg. nuclei, mitochondria, lysosomes) 
- Genomes are circular, double stranded DNA, and do not code for as many proteins as 
eukaryotic organisms 
Cholera - Answer diarrheal illness caused by bacteria Vibrio cholerae 
- Usually mild, but 1 in 10 people have severe disease 
- Contracted by eating contaminated food
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MICR 270 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ALL CORRECT ANSWERS – UPDATED!!
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MICR 270 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ALL CORRECT ANSWERS – UPDATED!! 
Pattern Recognition Receptor (PRR) - Answer-A receptor that recognises molecular patterns commonly shared by a number of pathogens; includes toll-like receptors. 
 
Pathogen Associated Molecular Pattern (PAMP) - Answer-Associated with groups of pathogens → functional structures, repeated sequences of proteins, glycoproteins, lipoproteins, amino acids, etc 
 
Phagocytes - Answer-a type of cell within the body capable of engulfing a...
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MICR 270 Study Questions to Guaranteed 100% Pass
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MALT (Mucosal Associated Lymphoid Tissues) - Answer Structure: Combined surface 
area of various areas in the body 
Location: mucous membranes lining the digestive, respiratory and urogenital systems 
Function: Initiates immune response to specific antigens encountered along mucosal 
surfaces 
Spleen - Answer Structure: large, ovoid, two compartments (red pulp: cords of Billroth - 
fibrils and connective tissue cells with monocytes and macrophages, white pulp: filled 
with macrophages, lymphocyt...
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MICR 270 Study Questions to Guaranteed 100% Pass
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hematopoietic cells - Answer self-renewing, pluripotent 
myeloid progenitor - Answer differentiate into most of the cells of the innate immune 
system 
monocyte/macrophages - Answer phagocytes, can travel outside the circuitry system by 
crossing the blood vessel wal
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MICR 270 Exam Study Guide with Questions and 100% Verified Answers
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MICR 270 Exam Study Guide with Questions and 
100% Verified Answers 
Killed-inactivated vaccine - Answer o Contains a strain of the pathogen that has been 
inactivated by heat, chemicals, or radiation and has the ability to generate an immune 
response but cannot replicate. 
o Examples: rabies vaccine and flu vaccine. 
o Advantages: safer option as it cannot mutate back to a virulent form and easier to 
store and transport. 
o Disadvantages: requires multiple booster doses to maintain immunity a...
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MICR 270 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH REVISED ANSWERS – UPDATED!!
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MICR 270 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH REVISED ANSWERS – UPDATED!! 
autocrine signaling - Answer-the target cell is also the secreting cell 
 
paracrine signalling - Answer-Target cells near secreting cells (regulate neighbors) 
 
endocrine signalling - Answer-A mode of transmission for signalling molecules that act on cells that are far from the cell that secretes them. 
 
Pro-inflammatory cytokines - Answer-induce inflammatory response in the body (ex: TNF alpha) 
 
Anti-inflammatory cytokines -...
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MICR 270 Exam Prep Test with Questions and 100% Verified Answers
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Natural killer/NK cells function/characteristics - Answer - Granular lymphocytes 
- Have granules containing perforin and granzymes 
- Can recognize abnormal cells (tumour or virus-infected cells) and destroy them (Lack 
antigen-specific receptors) 
- Exception to lymphoid lineage (This is because their role is in innate immunity)
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