MICR 270 Exam Prep Test with Questions and 100% Verified Answers
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Course
MICR 270
Institution
MICR 270
Natural killer/NK cells function/characteristics - Answer - Granular lymphocytes
- Have granules containing perforin and granzymes
- Can recognize abnormal cells (tumour or virus-infected cells) and destroy them (Lack
antigen-specific receptors)
- Exception to lymphoid lineage (This is because ...
MICR 270 Exam Prep Test with Questions and
100% Verified Answers
Natural killer/NK cells function/characteristics - Answer - Granular lymphocytes
- Have granules containing perforin and granzymes
- Can recognize abnormal cells (tumour or virus-infected cells) and destroy them (Lack
antigen-specific receptors)
- Exception to lymphoid lineage (This is because their role is in innate immunity)
T cells/lymphocytes function/characteristics - Answer - Key part of cell-mediated
immunity (a subset of adaptive immunity)
- Non-phagocytic cells
- Mature in thymus
- Have specific receptors at their cell surfaces (T-cell receptors/TCR)
- Express many TCR which recognize the same specific antigen/epitope
- TCR specificity ensures each T-cell in body recognizes a different antigen
- Subsets include helper T-cell/CD4+ T-cell and cytotoxic T-cell/CD8+ T-cell
Helper T-cell/Th cell/CD4+ T-cells - Answer - Specialized T-cells (Express CD4 co-
stimulatory molecule on their cell surface)
- Activated when they recognize an antigen-MHC Class II complex
- They have effector cells: activated helper T-cells have critical role in activation of other
immune cells
- They have memory cells: activated helper T-cells can generate cells that recognize the
same specific antigen
,Cytotoxic T-cells/Tc cells/Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTL)/CD8+ T-cells - Answer -
Specialized T-cells (Express CD8 co-stimulatory molecule on their cells surface)
- Activated when they recognize an antigen-MHC Class I complex
- They have effector cells: activated cytotoxic T-cells have critical role in monitoring cells
of body (They eliminate virus-infected or tumour cells)
- They have memory cells: activated cytotoxic T-cells can generate cells that recognize
the same specific antigen
B cells/lymphocytes function/characteristics - Answer - Key part of humoral immunity
(subset of adaptive immunity)
- Non-phagocytic cells
- Mature in bone marrow
- Have specific receptors at their cell surface (B-cell receptors/BCR)
- BCR are the membrane-bound form of antibodies
- Express many BCR which recognize the same specific antigen/epitope
- BCR specificity ensures each B-cell in body recognizes a different antigen
Plasmocytes/plasma cells - Answer - Effector form of activated naive B-cells
- Produce and secrete highly specialized antibodies (These can bind free pathogens or
foreign molecules in the organism)
- B-cell activation can also generate memory cells which recognize the same specific
antigen (These memory cells have membrane-bound antibodies (BCR) with same
specificity as mother cell)
Primary lymphoid organs - Answer - Thymus
- Bone Marrow
Differences in function between primary and secondary lymphoid organs - Answer - The
primary lymphoid organs are the site of lymphocyte maturation into an
immunocompetent cell (The B-cells mature in the bone marrow, T cells mature in the
thymus)
- The secondary lymphoid organs are the site of lymphocyte activation into an effector
cell (This occurs through interaction with trapped antigens)
Thymus identifiers - Answer - Has flat bi-lobed structure (Each lobe divided into lobules;
Each lobule divided into cortex and medulla compartments)
- Filled with thymocytes, epithelial cells, dendritic cells and macrophages
- Situated above the heart
Bone marrow identifiers - Answer - Made up of flexible tissue
- Divided into yellow and red marrow
- Filled with hematopoietic cells
- Found in the central cavity inside bones
Spleen identifiers - Answer - Have large, ovoid structure
- Divided into white and red pulp compartments
- Situated in the left abdominal cavity
Lymph node identifiers - Answer - Have a small, bean-shaped structure (1-25 mm)
- Numerous (~ 600 in body)
- Divided into 3 roughly concentric regions (Cortex, paracortex and medulla)
- Filled with lymphocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells
, - Found grouped along the lymphatic vessels
MALT identifiers - Answer - Filled with various immune cells
- Found in mucous membranes lining digestive, respiratory and urogenital systems
Thymus function - Answer - Site of T-cell development and maturation
Bone marrow function - Answer - Red marrow (Site of hematopoiesis and B-cell
development)
- Yellow marrow (Some leukocyte development; Produces fat and cartilage)
Spleen function - Answer - Red pulp (filters the blood)
- White pulp (site of development of immune responses against antigens found in the
bloodstream)
Lymph node function - Answer - Filters the lymph
- Often the first organized lymphoid structure foreign molecules encounter (upon
entering the body)
MALT function - Answer - Initiates immune responses to specific antigens encountered
along all mucosal surfaces
Immune system discrimination and elimination - Answer - A main function of the
immune system is discrimination and elimination of non-self and altered self cells
- Discrimination occurs as immune cells distinguish between self and non-self
components
- Elimination occurs as immune cells initiate an immune response
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