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Elevate your understanding of Biobehavioral Health with the BBH 451 Questions and Answers Bundle!
[Show more]Elevate your understanding of Biobehavioral Health with the BBH 451 Questions and Answers Bundle!
[Show more]The limit for ethanol content of a beverage by fermentation alone is typically ______% 5 12 20 10 12 
Ethanol is byproduct of fermentation of Grains Fruits Sugars All the above all the above 
Disulfiram (antabuse) works by Inhibiting alcohol dehydrogenase Blocking GABA rec Inhibiting monoamine oxida...
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Add to cartThe limit for ethanol content of a beverage by fermentation alone is typically ______% 5 12 20 10 12 
Ethanol is byproduct of fermentation of Grains Fruits Sugars All the above all the above 
Disulfiram (antabuse) works by Inhibiting alcohol dehydrogenase Blocking GABA rec Inhibiting monoamine oxida...
Addiction State in which someone is afflicted with obsessive thought about drug used and overcome by compulsive urges to use a drug. 
Dependence Indicatve of a state in which someone's body has adapted to the presence of a drug to the extent that when the drug is removed, their body is thrown into ...
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Add to cartAddiction State in which someone is afflicted with obsessive thought about drug used and overcome by compulsive urges to use a drug. 
Dependence Indicatve of a state in which someone's body has adapted to the presence of a drug to the extent that when the drug is removed, their body is thrown into ...
How long after oral consumption does it generally take to reach a 99% level of absorption of caffeine? 45 minutes 
True or false, caffeine is lipophilic and hydrophilic, allowing it to cross the blood brain barrier. true 
Which of the following is considered an anticholinergic symptom produced by sc...
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Add to cartHow long after oral consumption does it generally take to reach a 99% level of absorption of caffeine? 45 minutes 
True or false, caffeine is lipophilic and hydrophilic, allowing it to cross the blood brain barrier. true 
Which of the following is considered an anticholinergic symptom produced by sc...
Addiction a state in which someone is afflicted with obsessive thoughts about drug used and overcome by compulsive urges to use a drug. 
Dependence a state in which someone's body has adapted to the presence of a drug to the extent that when the drug is removed, their body is thrown into disequilib...
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Add to cartAddiction a state in which someone is afflicted with obsessive thoughts about drug used and overcome by compulsive urges to use a drug. 
Dependence a state in which someone's body has adapted to the presence of a drug to the extent that when the drug is removed, their body is thrown into disequilib...
Nicotine is found in _________________ tobacco 
Nicotine Pharmacokinetics: Route of Administration 
Metabolized by 
Metabolite 
Half-life inhalation 
CYP2A6 
Cotinine 
2 hours 
Although nicotine is readily absorbed, only about _______% of the nicotine in an average cigarette actually makes it into t...
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Add to cartNicotine is found in _________________ tobacco 
Nicotine Pharmacokinetics: Route of Administration 
Metabolized by 
Metabolite 
Half-life inhalation 
CYP2A6 
Cotinine 
2 hours 
Although nicotine is readily absorbed, only about _______% of the nicotine in an average cigarette actually makes it into t...
The scientific method this is used to test associations. The process is to do research, come up with a question, hypothesize, and then test the hypothesis 
Hypothesis this is a shorter, narrower idea when compared to a theory 
Theory this is built upon a large amount of research to answer a larger q...
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Add to cartThe scientific method this is used to test associations. The process is to do research, come up with a question, hypothesize, and then test the hypothesis 
Hypothesis this is a shorter, narrower idea when compared to a theory 
Theory this is built upon a large amount of research to answer a larger q...
Which Greek philosopher is responsible for the humoral theory of disease? Hippocrates 
Europe experienced a hiatus from scientific advancement from 500 A.D. to 1500 A.D. What event occurred that led to this pause? Fall of the Roman Empire 
Why are oral contraceptives considered a pharmacological rev...
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Add to cartWhich Greek philosopher is responsible for the humoral theory of disease? Hippocrates 
Europe experienced a hiatus from scientific advancement from 500 A.D. to 1500 A.D. What event occurred that led to this pause? Fall of the Roman Empire 
Why are oral contraceptives considered a pharmacological rev...
Pharmacodynamics (MDMA) -increased in serotonin level in synapses (blocking reuptake & stimulating reverse transport) -action on 5-HT2A receptors in particular -NE and DA levels increase as well (considered a psychomotor stimulant) 
Pharmacokinetics (MDMA) -effects apparent within 1 hour of taking p...
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Add to cartPharmacodynamics (MDMA) -increased in serotonin level in synapses (blocking reuptake & stimulating reverse transport) -action on 5-HT2A receptors in particular -NE and DA levels increase as well (considered a psychomotor stimulant) 
Pharmacokinetics (MDMA) -effects apparent within 1 hour of taking p...
CNS vs PNS central nervous system-consists of your brain and spinal cord-the brain communicates with the muscles in creating a plan to accomplish the movement-spinal cord acts as a conduct that carries motor information from the brain to the body and sensory information from the body to the brainper...
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Add to cartCNS vs PNS central nervous system-consists of your brain and spinal cord-the brain communicates with the muscles in creating a plan to accomplish the movement-spinal cord acts as a conduct that carries motor information from the brain to the body and sensory information from the body to the brainper...
T/F: The combination of energy drink with alcohol (four loco) enhanced the feelings of stimulation in participants but did NOT change the level of impairment for impulsive behavior True 
What process produces ethanol as a waste product? Fermentation 
Beer is fermented from _________ Wine is fermente...
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Add to cartT/F: The combination of energy drink with alcohol (four loco) enhanced the feelings of stimulation in participants but did NOT change the level of impairment for impulsive behavior True 
What process produces ethanol as a waste product? Fermentation 
Beer is fermented from _________ Wine is fermente...
Hypothesis testing Scientific method to test associations 
Research, question, hypothesize, test 
p-values Due to bias, confounds, and unknown factors, even statistically significant results might lead to inaccurate inferences about causality 
Correlation doesn't imply ___________ causation 
Hypoth...
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Add to cartHypothesis testing Scientific method to test associations 
Research, question, hypothesize, test 
p-values Due to bias, confounds, and unknown factors, even statistically significant results might lead to inaccurate inferences about causality 
Correlation doesn't imply ___________ causation 
Hypoth...
Why are barbiturates considered to be more toxic than benzodiazepines? 
Barbiturates bind to a separate protein that activates the GABA receptor to facilitate the influx of chloride ions. 
Benzodiazepines bind separate protein that activates the GABA receptor to facilitate the influx of chloride ion...
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Add to cartWhy are barbiturates considered to be more toxic than benzodiazepines? 
Barbiturates bind to a separate protein that activates the GABA receptor to facilitate the influx of chloride ions. 
Benzodiazepines bind separate protein that activates the GABA receptor to facilitate the influx of chloride ion...
What was the initial use of cocaine? Indigenous South American use 
Coca leaf 
Chewed 
What was the initial use of cocaine in the Western Cultures? Local anesthetic 
Injection local for injury 
Topical anesthesia, spinal anesthesia, nerve blocks (until Novacane was developed) 
What kind of drug is c...
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Add to cartWhat was the initial use of cocaine? Indigenous South American use 
Coca leaf 
Chewed 
What was the initial use of cocaine in the Western Cultures? Local anesthetic 
Injection local for injury 
Topical anesthesia, spinal anesthesia, nerve blocks (until Novacane was developed) 
What kind of drug is c...
Benzodiazepines we are seeing a big increase in the number of deaths due to this class of drugs. These drugs can be used to treat pain but still have similar concerns to opioids (addictive, cannot mix with alcohol, can lead to respiratory depression) 
Back pain and chronic pain what are two types of...
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Add to cartBenzodiazepines we are seeing a big increase in the number of deaths due to this class of drugs. These drugs can be used to treat pain but still have similar concerns to opioids (addictive, cannot mix with alcohol, can lead to respiratory depression) 
Back pain and chronic pain what are two types of...
Pharmacodynamics The study of what the drug does to the body 
-drug receptor interactions 
 
After drugs bind to receptor sites they can... induce or block alterations of shape 
 
Agonism the drug mimics the effects of neurotransmitter 
 
Antagonism the drug prevents action that would normally be ca...
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Add to cartPharmacodynamics The study of what the drug does to the body 
-drug receptor interactions 
 
After drugs bind to receptor sites they can... induce or block alterations of shape 
 
Agonism the drug mimics the effects of neurotransmitter 
 
Antagonism the drug prevents action that would normally be ca...
Why do certain things give us pleasure? -natural rewards -drive states (seeking out to reverse disequilibrium --> hunger, thirst, lust, well-studied examples of motivation) -thought that all drug use, if excessive, didn't want to stop to avoid unpleasantness of withdrawal --> but really psych...
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Add to cartWhy do certain things give us pleasure? -natural rewards -drive states (seeking out to reverse disequilibrium --> hunger, thirst, lust, well-studied examples of motivation) -thought that all drug use, if excessive, didn't want to stop to avoid unpleasantness of withdrawal --> but really psych...
A natural ligand (neurotransmitter) causes sodium leak channels to open, allowing more sodium to pass through than the small amount that occurs without neurotransmitter binding. A drug causes these sodium channels too close entirely. What could the drug be classified as Inverse agonist - this case r...
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Add to cartA natural ligand (neurotransmitter) causes sodium leak channels to open, allowing more sodium to pass through than the small amount that occurs without neurotransmitter binding. A drug causes these sodium channels too close entirely. What could the drug be classified as Inverse agonist - this case r...
A drug is designed to treat anxiety. In which phase of the clinical trials process is its effectiveness compared to a placebo in a population of those with anxiety disorders? Phase II 
Before a drug that is designed to treat anxiety can be marketed, its effectiveness is compared to alprazolam (a com...
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Add to cartA drug is designed to treat anxiety. In which phase of the clinical trials process is its effectiveness compared to a placebo in a population of those with anxiety disorders? Phase II 
Before a drug that is designed to treat anxiety can be marketed, its effectiveness is compared to alprazolam (a com...
___________ is rapidly absorbed via any route of administration, but of course the most common route of administration is smoking. Nicotine 
What are the other two ways that nicotine is administered? across mucous membranes (through the use of chewing tobacco) and transdermally (with nicotine patche...
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Add to cart___________ is rapidly absorbed via any route of administration, but of course the most common route of administration is smoking. Nicotine 
What are the other two ways that nicotine is administered? across mucous membranes (through the use of chewing tobacco) and transdermally (with nicotine patche...
Anxiety a cognitive disorder in which emotion lasts for extended periods of time, different from fear 
What pharmacological advances would cause new subtypes of anxiety to be identified? Drugs treated some symptoms of anxiety but not others 
First drugs used to treat anxiety Chloral Hydrate, Paralde...
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Add to cartAnxiety a cognitive disorder in which emotion lasts for extended periods of time, different from fear 
What pharmacological advances would cause new subtypes of anxiety to be identified? Drugs treated some symptoms of anxiety but not others 
First drugs used to treat anxiety Chloral Hydrate, Paralde...
What law stated that there were no need for clinical trials and generic alternatives for drugs with expired patents could be used? Waxman Law 
What is St. Johns Wort used for in Germany and the US? Germany-treats depression, anxiety, and insomnia US- dietary supplement to promote emotional balance 
...
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Add to cartWhat law stated that there were no need for clinical trials and generic alternatives for drugs with expired patents could be used? Waxman Law 
What is St. Johns Wort used for in Germany and the US? Germany-treats depression, anxiety, and insomnia US- dietary supplement to promote emotional balance 
...
What Drug Is Extracted From Poppies Opium (Morphine) 
Why Do Drugs Distribute Into Lean Muscle Slower Than Visceral Organs Lean Muscle Has Fewer Blood Vessels Coursing Through It 
After How Many Half-Lives Is A Drug Considered Gone From The Body 6 
Synaptic Vesicles Are: Membrane Sacs In The Neuron ...
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Add to cartWhat Drug Is Extracted From Poppies Opium (Morphine) 
Why Do Drugs Distribute Into Lean Muscle Slower Than Visceral Organs Lean Muscle Has Fewer Blood Vessels Coursing Through It 
After How Many Half-Lives Is A Drug Considered Gone From The Body 6 
Synaptic Vesicles Are: Membrane Sacs In The Neuron ...
In Phase 1 of a clinical trial the drug is given to: healthy humans 
The Women's Health Initiative of hormone-replacement therapy, demonstrated that: Random assignment of individuals is necessary to diminish the risk of false positive findings 
In clinical trials, the term blinding refers to: The p...
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Add to cartIn Phase 1 of a clinical trial the drug is given to: healthy humans 
The Women's Health Initiative of hormone-replacement therapy, demonstrated that: Random assignment of individuals is necessary to diminish the risk of false positive findings 
In clinical trials, the term blinding refers to: The p...
Which of the following is NOT typically considered to be one of the pharmacological revolutions (as defined in the online content)? the ability to mass produce insulin 
A drug is designed to treat anxiety. In this phase of the clinical trial process its effectiveness is compared to alprazolam (a com...
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Add to cartWhich of the following is NOT typically considered to be one of the pharmacological revolutions (as defined in the online content)? the ability to mass produce insulin 
A drug is designed to treat anxiety. In this phase of the clinical trial process its effectiveness is compared to alprazolam (a com...
In a chronic alcohol drinker, levels of stomach enzymes that metabolize alcohol begin to increase, causing more alcohol to be metabolized before it reaches the bloodstream. What kind of tolerance is this and how will it affect the amount of alcohol they need to drink to produce the effects they desi...
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Add to cartIn a chronic alcohol drinker, levels of stomach enzymes that metabolize alcohol begin to increase, causing more alcohol to be metabolized before it reaches the bloodstream. What kind of tolerance is this and how will it affect the amount of alcohol they need to drink to produce the effects they desi...
Cocaine sympathomimetics (stimulant) intranasal 
(50 min) 
Metabolized by: butyrylcholinesterase Metabolite: benzoylecgonine 
Inhibits (blocking) the reuptake: Dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin 
Sympathomimetics (stimulant) 
Replacement or substitution therapy 
Bruxism, gum disease, cardiovascular...
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Add to cartCocaine sympathomimetics (stimulant) intranasal 
(50 min) 
Metabolized by: butyrylcholinesterase Metabolite: benzoylecgonine 
Inhibits (blocking) the reuptake: Dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin 
Sympathomimetics (stimulant) 
Replacement or substitution therapy 
Bruxism, gum disease, cardiovascular...
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