Phgy 215 - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Membrane Proteins - ️️- Inserted into the phospholipid membrane - associated with inner or outer sides or pass all the way through the membrane - Functions to maintain structure, regulate cell function, allow transport across the membrane, and facilitate signalling Roles of the Plasma Membrane - ️️- Plays an active role in regulating the internal fluid composition as it controls which molecules flow in and out - Allows nutrients to enter cells and waste products to leave Permits c...

The Sliding Filament Mechanism - ️️- A sarcomere goes from z-line to z-line and has thick filaments (myosin) in the middle within the thin filaments (actin) on the sides - During contraction, the thin filaments move inwards over the thick filaments - When this happens, the z-lines move closer together - This occurs simultaneously along the entire fibre and all sarcomeres shorten to the same degree - Neither the length of the thin filaments or thick filaments themselves changes, just th...

Actin - ️️A globular protein that links into chains, two of which twist helically about each other, forming microfilaments in muscle and other contractile elements in cells The muscle tissue represents the greatest - ️️The greatest tissue mass in the body at around half of the bodys total weight. Thick filaments (myosin) - ️️Myosin myofilament with heads that bind to actin by reaching up and ratcheting forward About 300/filament The majority of muscles tissue is - ️️The ma...

What is a regulatory protein complex made of three polypeptides. Where do the three polypeptides bind? - ️️-troponin -one binds to tropomyosin, one binds to actin, one binds to Ca2+ What bands (that are also called dark bands) are made up of stacked thick and thin filaments that are aligned parallel to each other. Its borders are defined by the length of the thick filaments. - ️️A band Looking at a cross section of a ___________ you can see a highly organized cytoskeletal patter o...

Name and describe the 3 parts of a homeostatic control system - ️️Sensor: Detects the environmental variable Integrator: Determines if the variable is differing from the set point and by how much Effector: If required, it changes the variable to restore it to its set point What is facilitated diffusion? - ️️Movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through protein channels (no energy required) Define homeostasis - ️️Maintaining a stable internal environment regardles...

functions of basal ganglia - ️️1. motor control 2. cognition 3. learning 4. fine muscle tuning (suppresses unwanted movement) what are the 4 ion channels - ️️1. voltage - due to membrane potential of both side of the membrane nical - due to deformities 3. thermal - due to temp changes 4. chemical - due to chemical messenger (ligand) 2 regulations of homeostasis - ️️intrinsic - inside of tissue extrinsic - outside of tissue 2 feedbacks of homeostasis - ️️negative - init...

efferent cell body vs. afferent cell body - ️️efferent cell bodies are located within the grey matter of the spinal cord. Afferent cell bodies are located within the dorsal root ganglion Functions of the CNS - ️️nscious regulation of internal environment 2.Emotions 3. voluntary control of movement ption 5. higher cognitive functions such as learning and memory purpose of blood brain barrier being regulated by several components? - ️️ic response to the metabolic needs of the ...

Comprehensive class notes for PHGY 215.