PHGY 215 - midterm Questions and Answers Fully Solved 100%
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Course
PHGY 215
Institution
PHGY 215
functions of basal ganglia - ️️1. motor control
2. cognition
3. learning
4. fine muscle tuning (suppresses unwanted movement)
what are the 4 ion channels - ️️1. voltage - due to membrane potential of both side
of the membrane
nical - due to deformities
3. thermal - due to temp change...
PHGY 215 - midterm
functions of basal ganglia - ✔️✔️1. motor control
2. cognition
3. learning
4. fine muscle tuning (suppresses unwanted movement)
what are the 4 ion channels - ✔️✔️1. voltage - due to membrane potential of both side
of the membrane
2.mechanical - due to deformities
3. thermal - due to temp changes
4. chemical - due to chemical messenger (ligand)
2 regulations of homeostasis - ✔️✔️intrinsic - inside of tissue
extrinsic - outside of tissue
2 feedbacks of homeostasis - ✔️✔️negative - initate response in opposite direction to
go back to set point
positive - amplify signal
categorize blood clot, blood pressure, childbirth, body temperature - ✔️✔️blood clot -
positive/intrinsic
blood pressure - negative/intrinsic
childbirth- positive/extrinsic
body temperature - negative/extrinsic
functions of:
carbohydrate chains
membrane proteins
phospholipid
ion channels
cholesterol - ✔️✔️carbohydrate chains - receptor
membrane proteins - cell structure/function
phospholipid - lipid bilayer head
ion channels - permit entry/exit of ions
cholesterol - tuck between cells (fatty)
gap junctions - ✔️✔️- has tunnels for communication
-smooth/cardiac muscles
2 passive transport - ✔️✔️1.diffusion
2.facilitate diffusion
2 active transport - ✔️✔️1. carrier mediated
2. vesicular transport
3 factors that determine what is transported (carrier mediated) - ✔️✔️1. specificity
2. saturation
3. competition
what is
- pinocytosis
-receptor mediated endo
- exocytosis - ✔️✔️pinocytosis - engulfs + internalize
receptor mediated endo - happens only if receptor is binded
-exocytosis - excreting substance inside cell
difference between graded potential and action potential - ✔️✔️graded = short distance
communication (ripple water effect) + local changes
action = long distance (span entire membrane) + all or nothing
3 different gradients - ✔️✔️1. conc gradient - movement of ions across membrane
2. electrical - anion inside cell prevents K+ from going out
3. electrical chemical - both included
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