Peptidoglycan Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Bio 102 exam 1 WVU Salihu Latest Update 100% Pass Prokaryote evolution of cells: 3.5 billion years ago Prokaryote size of the cell: small Prokaryote unicellular Prokaryote organelles: absent Prokaryote Location of genetic information: nucleoid region Prokaryote DNA Structure: circular (usually one chromosomes) Prokaryote Reproductive strategy: asexual Prokaryote oxygen requirement: anaerobic (doesn't require oxygen) Eukaryote evolution of first cell: 1.5 billion ye...

Hershey and Chase performed an experiment in order to determine how bacteriophages infect bacteria. What did they find? The bacteriophage injects DNA into the host cell. This was found because, after centrifugation, the pellet was radioactive The largest difference between a Gram + and Gram - bacterial cell is: The gram + cell has a much thicker peptidoglycan layer Why does a Gram + cell stain blue/purple in a gram stain? The Gram + cell stains blue/purple because crystal violet rem...

pharmacology correct answer: study of substances that interact with living organisms through chemical processes medical pharmacology correct answer: science of substances used to prevent, diagnose and treat disease indication correct answer: reason or condition for which a particular medication is given dose correct answer: amount of medication given within a specified period of time single dose correct answer: amount of medication administered at one time maximum dose correc...

Fungi - Answer-cell wall made of chitin; Eukaryote Algae - Answer-cell wall made of silicates, eukaryotic Protozoa - Answer-Eukaryote Bacteria - Answer-Prokaryotic Virus - Answer-Acellular; only reproduce if they are inside of a living cell What allows a substance to cross a membrane - Answer-Protiens Substances that will never pass through a membrane - Answer-Charged substances Passive movement processes - Answer-No ATP needed 1. Diffusion 2. Facilitaed Diffusion 3. Osmosis Active Tr...

C453 Clinical Microbiology Study Questions With Answers (Updated 2022) A+. Describe the general characteristics of bacteria by answering the following questions. a. Are bacteria prokaryotic or eukaryotic? Why? Prokaryotic because their genetic material (DNA) is not housed within a true nucleus. b. Single-celled or multicellular? Why? Usually unicellular c. Can they be seen with the naked eye? Why? No; typically they are about 1um (need to be at least 100um to be visible without a microscope...

BIOD 171 Portage Learning Final EXAM Questions and Answers 100%Correct/Exam 1-7 2023/2024 UpdatePortage Learning BIOD 171 Final EXAM Questions and Answers 100%Correct/Exam 1-7 2023/2024 Update True or False: A virus is considered a microorganism. False. Viruses are not living and as such are not considered microorganisms. Viruses can, however, be classified as microbes, a more general term that includes microorganisms and viruses. 1. What is the smallest biological unit of life? A cell. ...

What type of antibiotic is good for bloodstream infections - bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal? - Answer- Bacteriocidal T/F? Penicillin is a broad spectrum antibiotic? - Answer- False, it is narrow spectrum What broad classes of bacteria does penicillin cover? - Answer- - Gram + - Anaerobes What are the 2 classes of cell wall synthesis inhibitors? - Answer- 1. Beta-Lactams: these bind to and blocks transpeptidase (a penicillin binding protein) and prevent formation of the cross-links in ...

Why is the bacterial cell wall a good target for antibiotic action? There are 2 criteria it meets Correct Answer-- different than animal cells - essential for life How do gram-positive and gram-negative cells typically differ with respect to their cell envelope? Correct Answer-Gram positive: Thick peptidoglycan, no outer membrane Gram negative: outer membrane, thin peptidoglycan Why are gram-negative organisms typically more resistant to antibiotics? Correct Answer-The outer membrane ac...

Adaptation- - correct answersThe adjustment or changes in behavior, physiology, and structure of an organism to become more suited to an environment. Aerobic- - correct answersA process that requires oxygen. Allele -An alternative form of a gene. An example would be genes that encode eye color—some encode blue eyes (one allele), while others encode brown, green, or hazel eye colors (other alleles). - correct answers amino acids - - correct answersA small organic molecule with the stru...

What are the 5 ways drugs kill organisms - ️️Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitors Plasma Membrane Damage Protein Synthesis Inhibition Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibition Metabolic Pathway Inhibition Cell wall inhibitors - ️️Beta lactam Glycopeptide Beta Lactam drugs - ️️Penicillin Cephalosporin Carbapenem Monobactam Glycopeptide drugs - ️️Vancomycin Teicoplanin Links amino acids (D-ala-D-ala) in peptidoglycan - ️️Transpeptidase (PBP) Links glucans (NAM & NAG) in peptido...