Mmbio 221 final - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

MMBio 221 Final Exam Study Questions and Answers Graded A 2024 Virulence: mycolic acid in cell wall causes slow growth, protection from lysis once bacteria are phagocytized, capacity for intracellular growth, resistance to Gram- staining, detergents, many antimicrobial drugs, and dessication - Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Unique properties: grows very slowly, can live within macrophages, tuberculin skin test--positive when red swelling appears, BCG vaccine is used in countries w/ lots o...

MMBIO 221 Final Exam Questions With Verified Answers. Developed smallpox immunization using cowpox agent - answerEdward Jenner Sought a "magic bullet" to destroy pathogens & not host - answerPaul Ehrlich Discovered penicillin - answerAlexander Fleming Pioneered aseptic surgery, Prevented surgical infections by using mists of phenol - answerJoseph Lister Father of Epidemiology (Cholera in London) - answerJohn Snow Pioneered asepsis by discovering that hand washing prevented streptococc...

MMBIO 221 Final Exam Study Questions and Answers Graded A 2024 Verified 100% An interferon is - a protein released by virally infected human cells to trigger production of antivirals in neighboring cells These antibodies are commonly found in mucus and are the most abundant in our body - IgA antibodies These cells have many identical antibodies on their surface that recognize a particular antigen. When activated the cells differentiate and proliferate into memory cells as well as ...

MMBIO 221 Final Exam Study Guide Review Antigens - answerSubstances that stimulate an immune response in the body Serotype - answerThe classification of bacteria based on their antigens Coliform - answerBacteria that rapidly ferment lactose and are part of normal microbiota Brucella melitensis - answerBacteria that causes undulant fever or Malta fever Bordetella pertussis - answerBacteria that causes whooping cough Bacteroides fragilis - answerBacteria that is a normal microbiota of the i...

Suspected Case - shows symptoms consistent w/ outbreaks Probable Case - symptoms consistent w/ definition Prevalence - number of cases of a disease that is always in an area prevelance rate= total cases/ population Incidence - number of new cases/number of people at risk of the disease Kochs Postulates - 1. The suspected organism should be present in all cases of the disease and absent from healthy animals 2. The suspected organism should be grown in pure culture 3. Cells from ...

Edward Jenner - Developed small pox immunization using cowpox agent Paul Ehrlich - sought a " magic bullet" to destroy pathogens Alexander Fleming - discovered penicillin Joseph Lister - Pioneered aseptic surgery John Snow - father of epidemiology (cholera in London) Ignaz Semmelweis - Pioneered asepsis by discovering that hand washing prevented streptococcal infections in obstetric patients Robert Koch - Pioneered the cultivation of bacteria on solid media Louis Pasteur -...

Coliform - rapidly ferment lactose, are part of normal microbiota, may be opportunistic, aerobic or facultatively anaerobic. Found in soil and plants. Presence in water= impure water and poor sewage treatment 3 types of antigens used to serotype enteric bacteria - O-outer membrane K- capsular antigen H- flagellar lancefield typing - grouping catalase negative and coagulase negative bacteria based on carbohydrate composition of bacterial antigens found on cell walls. Used to organize vari...

Coliform - - Enterobacteraeceae - Rapidly ferment lactose - Part of normal microbiota - May be opportunistic, - Aerobic or facultatively anaerobic - Found in soil and plants - Presence in water= impure water and poor sewage treatment 3 types of antigens used to serotype enteric bacteria - O-outer membrane K- capsular antigen H- flagellar Lancefield typing - Grouping catalase negative and coagulase negative bacteria based on carbohydrate composition of bacterial antigens found on ce...