Winthrop University

An introduction to thermodynamics in chemistry. Includes each law of thermodynamics, work, melting curves, and heat capacity. Also includes one problem based on melting curves. There is mention of exothermic versus endothermic reactions.

Discusses Gibbs Free Energy, entropy, and enthalpy. Describes the uses for each type of energy in relation to chemistry and has some problems that explain the concepts more.

Explains what reaction rates are and how to calculate the rate of a reaction. A basic introduction to equilibrium and its relationship to chemistry. Goes into detail about the rate constant, ICE tables, Le'Chatelier's Principle, and more. Some problems are worked out to explain the concept more.

A description of the gas laws. Breakdowns the ideal gas law into individual gas laws based on specific properties that each variable has. Includes some problems that use gas laws.

An introduction to what limiting reactants are and how they are used in chemistry. Includes a few problems on how to find the limiting reactant and working backward to find more information about the reaction. There also is an overview of solutions and solubility rules. All topics are related to one another when it comes to calculations.

An overview of stoichiometry and how it is used in general chemistry. Includes several different problems and how they are worked out in the sense of this topic.

An introduction and description of the types of intermolecular forces and how to determine the polarity of a molecule. Detailed instruction on how to determine if a molecule is polar based on its electronegativity. Also includes an overview of molecular orbitals and orbital numbers.

A basic review of what Lewis structures represent and how to draw them. When drawing Lewis structures, the concept of formal charge is also involved. An introduction and overview of the types of molecular shapes and geometries that exist are also present in this document.

This document has a brief review of some very common unit conversions that are used in chemistry. It also includes an overview of isotopes. There are problems that involve finding the average atomic mass and percent abundance for an element that has multiple isotopic forms in nature.

This is a basic overview of energy. Includes what energy is and how it is related to chemistry. Contains equations that deal with frequency, wavelength, and energy. Goes through some questions that deal with solving energy problems in regard to wavelength and frequency. Also includes some information on photon energy and its relation to wavelengths and frequency.