Sputum Bowl

Who is considered to be the "father of medicine"? correct answer: Hippocrates In 1662, a chemist published a book that described the relationship between gas, volume, and pressure. What was the chemist's name? correct answer: Robert Boyle Who discovered oxygen in 1774 and described it as "dephlogisticated air"? correct answer: Joseph Priestley Who is credited with first describing the law of partial pressures for a gas mixture? correct answer: John Dalton Who was the first s...

What is the difference between an antibiotic and an antimicrobial? correct answer: Antibiotics are naturally occurring compounds Antimicrobials include include both natural and synthetic compounds- both inhibit or kill microorganisms There are many devices to deliver to neonatal and pediatric patients. what specific contraindications to oxygen therapy exist in this population? correct answer: No specific contraindications to delivering oxygen exist when indications are deemed to be presen...

which pressure gradient is responsible for the actual flow of gas into and out of the lungs during breathing? correct answer: transairway pressure during normal tidal ventilation, the trans pulmonary pressure gradient reaches its max value at what point in the cycle? correct answer: end inspiration term used to note difference between insporatory and expiratory volumes at a given pressure correct answer: hysteresis How is compliance calculated? correct answer: change in volume/chang...

Pt. Assessment List in order of importance the four "Life Functions" correct answer: Ventilation, Oxygenation, Circulation, Perfusion Pt Assessment Shallow respirations (about half of normal depth) with slower than normal respiratory rate correct answer: Hypopnea Pt. Assessment In regards to Pitting Edema. A "Pit of >8mm that may last more than 2 minutes is what grade? correct answer: 4 Pt. Assessment What is the Normal Capillary Refill time? correct answer: 3 seconds P...

What is the pH of fetal lung fluid? correct answer: 6.27 What is the normal airway resistance during mouth breathing in the infant? correct answer: about 7 cmH2o/L/Sec What are the dimensions of the term neonate's trachea? correct answer: 3.5-4.0 mm in diameter and 4 cm in length Hemoglobin F may normally be present for how long following birth? correct answer: up to one year Before fetal hemoglobin, with its two alpha and gamma chains, there is embryonic hemoglobin. What are th...

Fowler's describes what patient position? correct answer: Sitting upright Shortness of breath when lying down, relieved when sitting up defines what term? correct answer: Orthopnea Lying flat and facedown defines what body position? correct answer: prone Define platypnea correct answer: shortness of breath when upright, relieved when lying down When lying flat on the back, the body is in what position? correct answer: supine Trendelenburg refers to what body position? correc...

In regards to ABG's, what is meant by standard deviation? correct answer: It is the average calculated result or value of a given parameter as well as the dispersion of values around that average Describe the Haldane effect. correct answer: Increase O2 decreases Hb affinity for CO2 When undergoing airway challenge testing, how long before the test should the patient refrain from taking corticosteroids? correct answer: They have little or no effect and do not need to he held (B2, antich...

What is the most common pulmonary pathologic finding at autopsy in large general hospitals? correct answer: Pulmonary embolism At a genetic level, what is the cause of cystic fibrosis? correct answer: Mutations of a single gene in the long arm of chromosome 7 (mutation of F508 results in the deletion of phenylalanine at position 508 of the protein named cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). This mutation is responsible for about 70% of CF cases) What is Eisenmenger ...

Indications for Heliox? correct answer: Heliox improves respiratory distress and reduces WOB and conditions such as? Croup Asthma Anaphalaxis COPD Vocal Cord Paralysis Bronchiolitis Upper airway masses Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Why not Heliox less than 60%? correct answer: To dense to be therapeutic correct answer: Who developed low density gas therapy (Heliox), CPAP/PEEP in the 1930's? correct answer: Dr Alvan Barach For which asthmatics is Heliox indicated? correct answ...