Adler School Of Professional Psychology
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Psychology 
The Science of Behavior and Mental Processes 
 
 
 
Socrates and Plato 
thought the mind and body were separate and that the mind goes on after death. Also thought Knowledge was innate. 
 
 
 
Aristotle 
student of Plato; thought knowledge was obtained through experiences 
 
 
 
Rene Descartes 
thought the mind and body were separate 
 
 
 
John Locke 
thought a mind at birth was a blank slate. helped form empiricism 
 
 
 
empiricism 
knowledge is from experiences and therefor scien...
Which of these statements is true about a theory? 
It implies predictions 
 
 
 
What type of relationship is indicated if low values of one variable seem to be associated with low values of another variable? 
Positive correlation 
 
 
 
______________ are useful in evaluating behavioral treatments. 
Single-subject designs 
 
 
 
____________ offer precise descriptions of target behaviors so experimenters know how they should be observed and measured. 
Operational definitions 
 
 
 
A theory is:...
The birth of psychology is often attributed to Wilhelm Wundt because he pioneered the investigation of mental processes using 
 
A. genome mapping. 
B. an evolutionary perspective. 
C. a biopsychosocial perspective. 
D. scientific experiments. 
D 
 
 
 
Who was a student of William James and the first female president of the American Psychological Association? 
 
A. Rosalie Rayner 
B. Jean Piaget 
C. Heather Kelly 
D. Mary Whiton Calkins 
D 
 
 
 
The view that psychology should be an objective ...
Which choice is an accurate definition of a hypothesis? 
A tentative explanation 
 
 
 
Psychology refers to the ________. 
scientific study of mind and behavior 
 
 
 
Which individual wrote Principles of Physiological Psychology and is credited with establishing a scientific laboratory of Psychology at the University of Leipzig? 
Wilhelm Wundt 
 
 
 
Functionalist psychologists focus on the function of behavior and ________. 
the operation of the whole mind rather than the individual parts 
 
...
Criteria for determining if a behavior represents Psychopathology 
- Does the person act in a way that deviates from cultural norms for acceptable behavior? 
- Is the behavior maladaptive? (interfering with activities) 
- Is the behavior self-destructive? 
- Does the behavior cause discomfort and concern to others? 
 
 
 
Depression and anxiety 
example of comorbidity 
 
 
 
Diathesis-stress model 
a diagnostic model that proposes that a disorder may develop when an underlying vulnerability is c...
Define psychology 
The scientific study of behavior and mental process 
 
 
 
Define the scientific method and explain how it is used in psychology. 
It's not what you study, its how you study it. 
 
1.Observe 
2.Hypothesize 
3.Test 
4.Conclusions 
5.Evaluate 
 
 
 
Describe the major schools of thought and theoretical perspectives in psychology. 
 
1.Biological psychology 2.Behaviorism 
3.Psychoanalysis (Psychodynamic) 
4.Humanistic psychology 
5.Cognitive psychology 6.Evolutionary psychol...
Response 
While playing in the yard, little Amanda was stung by a bee. The sting made her cry. Crying was a? 
 
 
 
Occipital 
The eyes communicate most directly with this lobe of the cerebral cortex 
 
 
 
Frontal 
This lobe of the cerebral cortex is most responsible for advanced critical thinking, such as judgement and planning task 
 
 
 
Adolescence 
The transition period from childhood to adulthood called in many cultures 
 
 
 
Dual Processing 
Deal with information on both a conscious and...
Definition of Psychology 
Scientific study of the human mind and its functions, especially those affecting behavior in a given context. 
 
 
 
Subfields of Psychology 
Clinical Psychology 
Developmental Psychology 
Forensic Psychology 
Industrial-Organizational Psychology 
Personality Psychology 
Social Psychology 
School Psychology 
 
 
 
Clinical Psychology 
Studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders. 
 
 
 
Developmental Psychology 
Studies physical, cognitive, and soci...
abnormal psychology 
is the psychological study of mental illness 
 
 
 
maladaptive behavior 
is behavior that hinders a person's ability to function in work, school, relationships, or society 
 
 
 
The American Psychiatric Association provides three main criteria to identify abnormal from unusual behavior: 
i.) The behavior causes distress to self or others. 
 
ii.) The behavior impairs the ability to function in day-to-day activities. 
 
iii.) The behavior increases the risk of injury, deat...
INTRO TO PSYCHOLOGY PSY 100 - STUDY MATERIAL & NOTES