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Penn Foster Veterinary Pharmacology Final
Exam Questions and Verified Answers
Distinguish between hormonal, endocrine, and reproductive drugs - Answers✓✓
Describe how drugs affect the nervous system - Answers✓✓Drugs affect the nervous system by
acting at the synaptic junctions to promote neurotransmitter's activity, mimic their actions, or
block them from acting.
Identify examples of respiratory drugs - Answers✓✓Expectorants, mucolytics, antitussives,
bronchodilators, decongestants
List which drugs are used to relieve pain and inflammation - Answers✓✓NSAIDs, Opioids,
Antihistamines, muscle relaxers, steroids, nerve blocks
Summarize the difference between ophthalmic and otic drugs - Answers✓✓
Compare and contrast cardiovascular and gastrointestinal drugs - Answers✓✓
Describe how antiparasitic drugs work - Answers✓✓Antiparasitic drugs work by destroying
parasites or inhibiting their growth. Most work by interfering with the parasite's nervous system
to prevent them from moving.
Discuss why replacement drugs are often necessary for animal health - Answers✓✓
Explain the veterinary technician's role in inventory control - Answers✓✓keeping the staff
informed regarding discontinued items, knowing the dates on which backordered items will be
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released from the vendor, packing up goods awaiting return to the vendor (e.g., expired items),
rotating stock correctly, maintaining current prices on all products, organizing inventory for ease
of location and counting, receiving and inspecting orders on arrival at the veterinary facility, and
learning about new products.
Define: Agonist - Answers✓✓Drug that has affinity for a receptor/stimulates receptor into action
Define: Contraindication - Answers✓✓A reason not to use a drug in a particular situation
Define: Efficacy - Answers✓✓the degree to which a drug produces its desired response.
Define: Over-the-counter drug - Answers✓✓One that may be purchased without prescription
from a veterinarian
Define: Prescription Drug - Answers✓✓One that must be used under the supervision of a
veterinarina
Define: Receptor - Answers✓✓a group of specialized molecules on or in a cell that bind with a
drug to produce an effect
Define: Therapeutic Index - Answers✓✓expresses the relationship between a drug's therapeutic
and harmful effects
Define: Withdrawl Time - Answers✓✓Amount of time that must elapse between the end of drug
therapy and elimination of that drug from patients tissues or products
Define: Veterinarian-client-patient relationship - Answers✓✓Relationship that must exist
between the vet, the patient, and the owner before prescription drugs can be dispensed.
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List 4 sources of drugs used in Vet Med - Answers✓✓Animal product, plant material, minerals,
synthetic products
What are 4 components of a drug regimen? - Answers✓✓Dose, route, frequency, and duration of
administration.
Discuss the conditions that must be met before a valid veterinarian-client-patient relationship can
be shown to exist - Answers✓✓1.vet must assume responsibility for making clinical judgments
in relation to health of the animal.
2. Vet must have recently seen the animal and be acquainted with it's care.
3.Vet must be available for follow-up care of the animal
Discuss the responsibilities of a vet tech in the administration of drug orders - Answers✓✓To
carry out the vet's orders correctly. should read the drug label three times to ensure proper drug is
being administered and should take care to administer correct dose by correct route. Should be
aware of the expected affects and potential adverse side effects and be able to monitor the
patient.
Describe the sequence of events that a drug undergoes from administration to excretion -
Answers✓✓Drug is absorbed (or placed directly) into the bloodstream, the drug may bind with
plasma in the blood or may exist in free state, circulating blood distributes drug to capillary level
where it leaves circulation and enters interstitial fluid. it bathes the cell and allows drug to bind
to cell surface receptors or enter the cell. It then exits the cell and moves back into interstitial
fluid, reenters circulation, and is transported to liver for metabolism. The metabolite is then
transported to kidneys for excretion.
List 11 possible routes for administering a drug to a patient. - Answers✓✓Oral, subcutaneous,
intramuscular, intravenous, intraperitoneal, intraarterial, intracardiac, intramedullary, inhalation,
topical, intradermal
List some of the factors that influence drug absorption - Answers✓✓Method of absorption, pH
of the drug and ionization status, absorptive surface area, blood supply to area, solubility of drug,
dosage form, status of GI tract, and interactions with other drugs
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Most biotransformation occurs in the_____ - Answers✓✓Liver
Most drug excretion occurs via the ______ - Answers✓✓Kidneys
Drugs usually produce their effects by combining with specific cellular_____ -
Answers✓✓Receptors
The drug name chosen by the manufacturer and is exclusive property of that company is called -
Answers✓✓Trade/Proprietary Name
What are the 6 items that must be included on drug label? - Answers✓✓names (generic and
trade) concentration, quantity, name and address of manufacturer, control or lot number,
expiration date
What are three government agencies that regulate the development, approval, and use of animal
health products? - Answers✓✓FDA, EPA, USDA
Why do many vet clinics dispense rather than prescribe most of the drugs that they use? -
Answers✓✓Profit earned from selling products
Describe the marketing of animal health products - Answers✓✓Purchased from manufacturers,
distributors, or generic mail order companies. May be sold only one label to graduate
veterinarians and under another as over-the-counter
all FDA-approved veterinary drugs are listed in the publication entitled_____ - Answers✓✓The
Green Book
What is the purpose of FARAD? - Answers✓✓Provides resources concerning the avoidance of
drug residues in animals
