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Sociology of Deviance Midterm 2BB3 Exam Questions and Answers What is Deviance? - ANSWER-Deviance is anything that is non-normative- according to whom Society in a particular population (entrenched in laws) Objective Approach - ANSWER-· Deviance as real · Deviance as certain types of behavio...

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Sociology of Deviance Midterm 2BB3

Exam Questions and Answers


What is Deviance? - ANSWER✔✔-Deviance is anything that is non-normative- according to whom


Society in a particular population (entrenched in laws)


Objective Approach - ANSWER✔✔-· Deviance as real


· Deviance as certain types of behaviours/ traits/ beliefs- objective thing such as...


- Violate social norms- unacceptable behaviour in society


- Cause social harm- groups of individuals being hurt


Are a statistical anomaly (exhibited by minority)- non-sighted individuals is an anomaly as deviant


Goals of Objective Approach - ANSWER✔✔-· To better understand these behaviors (causes)


To offer ways of preventing them (solutions)


Subjectivist Approach - ANSWER✔✔-· No act, belief or trait is inherently deviant- label we put on


· Deviance is relative- an interpretative act we see as deviant


· No behaviour or trait


· Always "in the eye of the beholder"


- Historical relativity- situation that may have been deviant in a given period of time and then not seen

as not deviant


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- Cross-cultural relativity- behaviour that is deviant in one culture, but not in another culture


- Situational relativity- some behaviors maybe situational. E.g. beating someone up


- Gendered relativity- action is considered deviant for one gender but not in another gender (males or

females)


· A reaction; interpretation; definition




· Study the action or process of individuals making judgements


· Process of labelling behaviors as deviant


· Normative or positivist (other names for objectivist)


Relativists, reactionist or social constructionist (other names for subjectivist)


Objectivist or Subjectivist? Examples - ANSWER✔✔-· Exploring pathways to Men's violence: Childhood,

Emotions and Masculinities- objectivist because of the causes of men's violence


· Parental Social Bonds and Adolescents' Convictions- objectivist


· Sex Offender Stigma: An Exploration of Vigilantism Against Sex Offenders- subjectivist because it looks

at the follow up about the offenders


Investigation of Deviant Behaviours in Body Builders According to Competitive Engagement- objectivist

because of cause and effect


Theories of Deviance - ANSWER✔✔-· Biological- sick bodies, locate the source or the cause of deviant

behavior in the body- all objectivist


· Psychological- sick minds, theories of behavior- all objectivist

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Sociological- society, individualizing within the social context- all subjectivist approaches


Biological Example - ANSWER✔✔-· Somatype Theory- physics of body types


· William Sheldon (1898-1977)


· Criminality is built in us as individuals based on somatype




· Endomorphs- pear shaped figures and overweight, they exhibit being social, easy going, good humour,

tempered, tendency to be affectionate




· Ectomorphs- taller than average individual, thin and slender, slightly built, they tend to be self-

conscious, nervous, sensitive, social anxiety, keep to themselves, poor social skills




Mesomorphs- Muscular, well-built, thick skinned and physically strong, tend to be aggressive, pushy, take

risk, competitive and short tempered


Second Biological Example - ANSWER✔✔-· Twin Studies


K. Christiansen


• Danish Twin Registry


• National Crime Registry


• Data between 1870-1970 (7, 172 pairs of twins)


• Compared criminal records of fraternal and identical twins- trouble with the law or share records



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