CRIM 326 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
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Course
CRIM 326
Institution
CRIM 326
CRIM 326 UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Measurement validity - CORRECT ANSWER- Achieved when a measure measures
what it is presumed to measure. The first concern is establishing the validity of research
results
Face validity - CORRECT ANSWER- Exists when an inspection of the i...
CRIM 326 UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Measurement validity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Achieved when a measure measures
what it is presumed to measure. The first concern is establishing the validity of research
results
Face validity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Exists when an inspection of the items used to
measure a concept suggests that they are appropriate "on their face". E.g - if measuring
alcohol consumption, asking someone's favourite colour won't say much about drinking
patterns, but number of drinks consumed in a week would
Content validity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Establishes a measure covers the full range of
the concept's meaning
Criterion validity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Established by comparing the scores obtained
on the measure being validated to those obtained with a more direct or already validated
measure of the same phenomenon (the criterion). A measure of blood-alcohol concentration
could serve as the criterion for validating a self-report measure of drinking
Construct validity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Established by showing that a measure is
related to other measures as specified in a theory. Commonly used in social research when no
clear criterion exists for validation purposes
Measurement reliability - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- A prereq for measurement validity. If a
measure is reliable, it is affected less by random error, or chance variation, than if it is
unreliable.
Test-retest reliability - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- A measurement showing that measures of
a phenomenon at two points in time are highly correlated, if the phenomenon has not changed
or has changed only as much as the phenomenon itself
Inter-item reliability - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- An approach that calculates reliability
based on the correlation among multiple items used to measure a single concept. E.g - if a set
of questions reliably measures attitudes toward violence, then the answers to the questions
, should be highly associated with one another. The stronger the association between the
individual items and the more items included, the higher the reliability of the index
Alternate forms reliability - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- A procedure for testing the reliability
of responses to survey questions in which subjects' answers are compared after the subjects
have been asked slightly different versions of the questions or when randomly selected halves
of the sample have been administered slightly different versions of the questions
Intra/Inter observer reliability - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Consistency of ratings by an
observer of an unchanging phenomenon at two or more points in time + when similar
measurements are obtained by different observers rating the same persons, events or places
Level of measurement - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- The mathematical precision with which
the values of a variable can be expressed
Nominal level of measurement - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Variables whose values have no
mathematical interpretation, they vary in kind or quality but not quantity. E.g - gender,
ethnicity, occupation
Ordinal level of measurement - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- A measurement of a variable in
which the numbers indicating the variable's value specify only the order of cases, permitting
greater than and less than distinctions
Interval level of measurement - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- A measurement of a variable in
which the numbers indicating a variable's values represent fixed measurement units but have
no absolute, or fixed, zero point
Ratio level of measurement - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- A measurement of a variable in
which the numbers indicating a variable's values represent fixed measuring units and an
absolute zero point
Population - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- The entire set of individuals or other entities to
which study findings are to be generalized
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