ESE 200 - Final Exam UPDATED Questions and CORRECT Answers
2 views 0 purchase
Course
ESE 200
Institution
ESE 200
ESE 200 - Final Exam UPDATED
Questions and CORRECT Answers
he average temperature and average precipitation over a 30-year period are used to define a
region's: - CORRECT ANSWER- climate
A major source of climate change assessments is the IPCC whose full name is: - CORRECT
ANSWER- Intergove...
ESE 200 - Final Exam UPDATED
Questions and CORRECT Answers
he average temperature and average precipitation over a 30-year period are used to define a
region's: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔climate
A major source of climate change assessments is the IPCC whose full name is: - CORRECT
ANSWER- ✔✔Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
When moist air hits a mountain it rises, cools, and drops its moisture as rain on one side of
the mountain. As the air moves over the mountain, the area it passes over will get less rain
over time than the other side of the mountain. This phenomenon is called the: - CORRECT
ANSWER- ✔✔rain shadow effect
The isotopes of oxygen differ in the number of _____________ in their nucleus. - CORRECT
ANSWER- ✔✔neutrons
Reliable records of air temperature measurements go back about 200 years. To estimate
temperatures older than 200 years we have to use proxies that allow us to estimate
temperature from them. Examples of proxies include stomata in fossil leaves and tree rings. -
CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔True
Oxygen isotopes are used to estimate temperatures of the past. The ratio of 18O to 16O
(18O/16O) is measured as a proxy for temperature. During colder periods the ratio of
18O/16O in ocean water is larger than in warmer periods because: - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔More 16O in water is locked up in ice on land.
Approximately 200 to 300 million years ago the Earth's average temperature was thought to
be over 10 oC warmer than today's. Mass extinctions occurred. One theory for the warmer
temperature is that the atmosphere held high concentrations of CO2 gas. The source for this
gas was: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔volcanic eruptions that spilled lava over a massive area
over a 1 million-year period.
When the Earth's temperature was 10 oC warmer than today's temperature, CO2
concentrations in the atmosphere were probably over twice the levels they are today. These
large quantities of CO2 were slowly removed from the atmosphere, cooling the earth, by: -
,CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔rock weathering reactions which took the CO2 out of the
atmosphere and stored it in limestone bedrock containing CaCO3.
Temperature anomalies are used to summarize temperature data from around the world.
Anomalies are calculated for individual weather stations on a given day by subtracting the
temperature on that day from: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔a baseline of average temperature
determined over a number of years from the same station.
Temperature anomalies are used because temperatures at individual stations in a region may
not be representative of the temperatures in a whole region, but the changes over time at that
station are likely to track the changes throughout the region. - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔True
El Nino events occur periodically when the winds blowing westward across the ocean have
become weaker or changed direction. When these events occur the water off the west coast of
South America becomes _______________. - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔warmer
Sea level is rising as global temperatures rise. The causes of sea level rise include the melting
of ice sheets as well as glaciers. Another and potentially larger cause of sea level rise is: -
CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔water expands on warming
The sun emits radiation in the visible range while the Earth emits radiation in the infrared
range. This is because: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔the sun is hotter than the earth
Wein's Law states that warmer bodies give off radiation at longer wavelengths than cooler
bodies. - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔False
The Stefan-Boltzman Law says that: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔warmer bodies give off
more radiation (more Wm-2) than colder bodies.
Greenhouse gases contribute to global warming because they: - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔absorb and re-emit infrared radiation
Which of the following include major greenhouse gases? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔water
vapor, methane, nitrous oxide
, Energy balance models of the Earth have shown that the amount of incoming energy from the
sun is slightly greater than the amount of energy re-emitted back into space. As a result the
Earth is warming. Where is most of the excess energy being stored? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔ocean
The Earth's surface receives from the sun approximately 161 Wm^-2 of radiation. It also
receives an amount of radiation from the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The amount of
radiation from the greenhouse gases that is emitted back to the earth's surface is
approximately: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔342 Wm^-2
Where in the atmosphere are most greenhouse gases found? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔Troposphere (approximately 0-6 miles)
Climate forcing agents are things that can cause Earth's temperature change. Some forcing
agents cause the Earth to warm by absorbing radiation and re-emitting it. Other forcing
agents cause Earth's temperature to cool. Which of the following cause Earth's temperature to
cool when they are in the atmosphere? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Sulphuric acid, nitric
acid, volcanic particles ejected during eruptions
Water vapor can be considered the strongest greenhouse gas because it aborbs more
wavelengths of light than any other gas. - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔true
Radiative forcing is a measure for how a given 'forcing agent' (e.g., greenhouse gas) has
contributed to global temperature rise from the year 1750 to today. Which of the following
has the largest radiative forcing value? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔carbon dioxide
Radiative forcing agents that have negative values in Wm-2 would tend to lower
temperatures on Earth. - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔true
As the number of sun spots increases the amount of incoming radiation the Earth receives
from the sun also increases. - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔true
If a certain greenhouse gas has a radiative forcing value of 1 Wm-2, how much of a
temperature change could be attributed to this? [Hint: use the climate sensitivity parameter.] -
CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Rise of 0.4 oC
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller MGRADES. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
