CADC Exam UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
CNS Depressants Action - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Increase GABA which slows brain
activity
CNS Depressants Class of Drugs - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔benzodiazepines, barbiturates,
sleep aids, opioids, and alcohol
CNS Stimulants Action - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Increasee CNS activity by releasing
catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine)
CNS Stimulants Class of Drugs - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔amphetamines, cocaine,
nicotine, and caffeine
Hallucinogens Action - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔affect acetylcholine in the
parasympathetic nervous system, also dopamine, serotonin, and epinephrine
Hallucinogens Class of Drug - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔LSD, mushrooms, MDMA,
ketamine, spice
Cannabis action - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Cannabinoid receptors THC and CBD
Inhalants action - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔suppressing CNS
Inhalants class of drugs - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔gases, aerosols, and volatile solvents
(nitrates work as vasodilators)
Performance-enhancing drugs action and class - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔anabolic steroids
that activate androgen receptors and increase calcium levels
,Substance withdrawal - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The state experienced with the reduction
or cessation of a substance that has been misused for a period of time
Substance-induced mental disorder - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔when use of a substance
creates behavior similar to that of a mental health disorder such as depression, anxiety, or
psychosis (hallucinations/delirium)
DSM-5 Criteria for SUD (11) - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Amount
Control
Time
Cravings
Obligations
Social
Importance
Risk
Harm
Tolerance
Withdrawal
The 5 Stages of SUD - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔1. Abstinence
2. Experimental Use
3. Social Use (Mild SUD)
4. Abuse (Moderate SUD)
5. Chemical Dependency/Addiction (Severe SUD)
Psychological dependence - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Cravings, urges, and the desire for
substance use
Physical dependence - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔the result of brain changes due to drug use,
where the brain starts to require the heightened state of activity produced by the drug and
therefore creates physical reactions when the drug is absent
,Dependency - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔a brain disease characterized by an uncontrollable
desire to consume increased quantities of a psychoactive substance
Tolerance - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔requiring an increased amount of the substance to
attain the desired effect
Behavioral tolerance - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔when individuals display behaviors that
mask the effects of substance use from others, including changes in disposition, attitude, or
speech associated with psychoactive substance intoxication
Dispositional or metabolic tolerance - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔when a person's body tries
to accelerate metabolism to rid itself of chemically toxic substances creating the need for
more and more of the substance to be consumed
Cross-tolerance - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔when people become tolerant of psychoactive
substances in the same pharmaceutical family as those previously tolerated (heroin to other
opioids)
Pharmacodynamic tolerance or cellular-adaptive tolerance - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔when
neurotransmitters are altered so that the brain has become desensitized to the substance which
lessens the effects
Reverse tolerance - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔when a person becomes more sensitive to the
substance because the substance has harmed neuronal activity (alcohol and liver damage)
Select tolerance - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔when some effects of a drug are experienced
and others are not (euphoric feeling gone but affects other parts of the body)
4 Stages of Withdrawal - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔1. Stage 1 within hours, varies by
substance
2. Stage 2 intensification of symptoms (body aches, sleep disturbances, depression, tremors,
and anxiety)
3. Stage 3 Post-Acute sharp peak and then a decline in symptoms can last weeks or months
and may need a medical professional (insomnia, emotional lability, memory impairment, and
anxiety)
, 4. Post-Acute Withdrawal can last months to years and affects biopsychosocial functioning
(memory impairment, difficulty thinking clearly, mood swings, cravings, anhedonia, suicidal
ideation, fatigue, muscle aches, social withdrawal, and pain sensitivity)
Anhedonia - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔inability to experience pleasure
Medical detox is required when... - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔detoxing from alcohol and
benzodiazepines
3 steps of detox management - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔1. Screening, assessment,
evaluation
2. stabilization
3. treatment engagement
What passes through the blood-brain barrier easily? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔fat-soluble
substances (alcohol, cocaine)
Half-life - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔duration of time it takes for half of the substance to be
eliminated from the body
Metabolism - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔process through which a substance is eliminated
from the body
Peripheral nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔somatic and autonomic nervous
system
The primary neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system is - CORRECT
ANSWER- ✔✔acetylcholine (inhibiting)
The primary neurotransmitter of the sympathetic nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔norepinephrine (excitatory)
