Total Safety Performance Exam 2
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Why do accidents happen in the construction industry? Some of the most common
contributing factors are - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- physical hazards, environmental
hazards, human factors, and no safety regulations or poor ones, and poor communication
within, between, and among the various trades working at a construction site.
T or F: the contributing factors of accidents do not explain why accidents happen. Accidents
should not be viewed as inevitable just because hazards exist. for every accident that occurs,
there is a cause - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- True
Every year, work related accidents cost the United States almost _______. This includes costs
associated with _______ - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- $50 million; wages lost, medical
expenses, insurance cost, and indirect costs.
The number of persons injured in workplace accidents in a typical year is ______ -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 3 per 100 people working in the construction industry
In the US workplace, there is one accidental death approximately every __ minutes and one
injury every _______ seconds - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 51 minutes and 19 seconds
T or F: Why do accidents happen? This question has concerned safety and health experts for
decades because, in order to prevent accidents, we must know why they happen. - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- True
T or F: Over the years, several theories of accident causation have evolved that attempt to
explain why accidents occur. models based on these theories are used to predict and prevent
accidents. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- True
The most widely known theories of accident causation are the - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
Domino theory, human factors theory, accident / incident theory, epidemiological theory,
systems theory, a combination theory,And behavioral Theory.
,Herbert W. Heinrich, an official with ______ company - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- The
travelers insurance company
who was an early Pioneer of accident prevention and workplace safety. - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- Herbert W. Heinrich
In the late 1920s, after studying the reports of 75,000 workplace accidents, Heinrich
concluded that - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 88% of workplace accidents are caused by
unsafe acts committed by fellow workers
10% of workplace accidents are caused by unsafe conditions
2% of workplace accidents are unavoidable
Heinrich's study laid the foundation for his axioms of industrial safety and his theory of
accident causation, which came to be known as the _______ theory - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- domino
T or F: So much of Heinrich's theory has been discounted by more contemporary research
that is now considered outdated. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- True
T or F: However, since some of today's more widely accepted theories can be traced back to
Heinrich's theory, students of construction safety should be familiar with his work. -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- True
Heinrich summarized what he thought health and safety decision makers should know about
accidents in 10 statements he called axioms of industrial safety. these axioms can be
paraphrased as follows - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Injuries result from a completed series
of factors, one of which is the accident itself, an accident can only occur as a result of an
unsafe act by a person or a physical or mechanical hazard, or both, most accidents are the
result of unsafe Behavior by people, an unsafe act by a person or an unsafe condition does not
always immediately result in an accident or injury, the reasons why people commit unsafe
acts conserve as helpful guides in selecting corrective actions, the severity of an injury is
largely fortuitous, and the accident that caused it is largely preventable, the best accident
prevention techniques are analogous with the best quality and productivity standards,
management should assume responsibility for safety because it is in the best position to get
results, the supervisor is the key person in the prevention of workplace accidents, in addition
to the direct cost of an accident example compensation, liability claims, medical cost, and
Hospital expenses, there are also hidden or indirect costs
, According to Heinrich, these axioms encompass the what - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- the
fundamental body of knowledge that must be understood by decision makers interested in
preventing accidents
T or F: Any accident prevention program that takes all 10 axioms into account is likely to be
more effective than a program that leaves one or more axioms out. - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- True
According to Heinrich, there are five factors in the sequence of events leading up to an
accident. these factors can be summarized as follows - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Ancestry
and social environment: negative character traits that may lead people to behave in an unsafe
manner can be inherited ( ancestry) or acquired as a result of the social environment, fault of
person: negative character traits, whether inherited or required, or why people behave in an
unsafe Manner and why hazardous conditions exist, unsafe acts and mechanical or physical
hazards: unsafe acts committed by people and mechanical or physical hazards are the direct
causes of accidents, accident: typically, accidents that result in injury are caused by following
or being hit by moving objects, injury: typical injuries resulting from accidents include
lacerations and fractures
Heinrich's theory has two central points what are they - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- injuries
are caused by the preceding factors, and removal of the central Factor ( in unsafe act or
hazardous condition) negates the action of the preceding factors and, in doing so, prevents
accidents and injuries
Domino theory in place - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- For years, cpc's management team had
noticed an increase in minor injuries among Warehouse Personnel during the summer
months. Typically, these injuries consisted of nothing worse than minor cuts, scrapes, and
bruises. However, this past summer had been different. two warehouse workers sustained
serious back injuries. These injuries were costly to the CPC both financially and in terms of
employee morale., An investigation of these accidents quickly identified a series of events
and a central casual behavior that set up a domino effect that, in turn, resulted in the injuries.
The investigation revealed that cpc's warehouses became so hot during the summer months
that personal protective gear was uncomfortable. As a result, warehouse Personnel simply
took it off. failure to use appropriate personal protective gear in the summer months had
always led to an increase in injuries. However, because the injuries were minor in nature, the
management had never paid much attention to the situation. it was probably inevitable that
more serious injuries would occur eventually, To prevent a recurrence of the summer injury
epidemic, cpc's management team decided to remove the causal factor,Failure of Warehouse
Personnel to use their personal protective gear during the summer months. To facilitate the
removal of this factor, cpc's management team formed a committee consisting of one
