Basic Care and Comfort NCLEX
UPDATED Actual Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Assisting a pt with a weak side - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- move towards stronger side
Active Resistance ROM - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- performed by pt, ROM with resistance.
Like exercise bands!
Fowler's Positioning - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Low: 15-30
Fowlers: 45-60
High: 60-90
Semi: 30-45
Trendleburg's - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Used in shock pt's, the feet are elevated 20 and
the head is flat, increases venous return and helps the heart pump more easily
Going up stairs with crutches - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Up with the good leg,
down with the bad leg
Walker use - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- step forward with bad leg, support self with arms
followed by good leg
Cane walking - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- hold on strong side, advance cane and weak leg,
lean on cane when moving strong leg
Herniated intervertebral disk care - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- preop: meds (nsaids), traction,
TENS (electronic nerve stimulation)
postop of laminectomy: log roll pt's, assess lower extremity CMS, errect posture, avoid long
periods of errect posture,
, Developmental Dysplasia of the Hips - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- T
Asymmetrical gluteal folds
Limp
Limited abduction of the hip
femur is not attached to acetabulum
tx: pelvic harness from 3-6 mos, must be worn at all times! teach parents how to apply, 6-18
mos use traction, surgery will need to be done, or hip spica cast- cast care (keep dry)
scoliosis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- abnormal curvature of spinal column
assess: bend at 90, see uneven clothing,
functional: can be corrected
structural: cannot be corrected, often hereditary
Rheumatoid arthritis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- nodules in joints, systemic can worsen,
remissions and exacerbations
osteoarthritis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- seen with aging, obesity, use, no family hx, not
seasonal
dx: arthroscopy looking into joints
tx: depends on severity, rest and activity, give nsaids, anti inflammatories for RA, weight
control
Gout - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- joint pain and swelling, high amount of uric acid in blood,
avoid purine foods (beer/organ meat), decrease purine build up
osteoporosis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- post menopausal women, reduction of bone mass,
kyphosis, over 60 years old, women who drink/smoke, sedentary life
prevention:
tx: implement diet high in calcium, protein, estrogen therapy, wt bearing excersise, fosimax
(recalcifies bone)
