BIOL 105 UNR Exam 1 UPDATED Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Axon - CORRECT ANSWER- The neuronal process that carries the action potential from
(away) the nerve cell body to a target
Dendrite - CORRECT ANSWER- Neuronal process arising from the cell body to receive
synaptic input (receives...
Axon - CORRECT ANSWER- The neuronal process that carries the action potential from
(away) the nerve cell body to a target
Dendrite - CORRECT ANSWER- Neuronal process arising from the cell body to receive
synaptic input (receives)
Growth Cone - CORRECT ANSWER- The specialized end of a growing axon (or dendrite)
that generates the motive force for elongation
Synapse - CORRECT ANSWER- Specialized opposition between a neuron and its target cell
for transmission of information by release and reception of a chemical transmitter agent.
Nervous System - CORRECT ANSWER- Consisting of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral
nerves
Neurons - CORRECT ANSWER- Cell specialized for the conduction and transmission of
electrical signals in the nervous system
Neurotransmission - CORRECT ANSWER- Process in which a substance is released by
synaptic terminals for the purpose of transmitting information from one nerve cell to another
Neural circuits - CORRECT ANSWER- A functional entity consisting of interconnected
neurons that is able to regulate its own activity
Myelin - CORRECT ANSWER- Wrapping around an axon that provides electrical insulation
(made by Glia or Schwann cells)
White matter - CORRECT ANSWER- General term describing parts of the CNS that are rich
in axons (rich in lipids)
, Gray matter - CORRECT ANSWER- Describes parts of the CNS that are rich in cell bodies
Glia - CORRECT ANSWER- Specialized cells that support and nourish neurons
Cerebral hemispheres - CORRECT ANSWER- Largest part of the human brain associated
with higher order functioning such as thinking, planning, perceiving, understanding language,
as well as control voluntary behavior. (combination of both cerebral hemispheres is known as
cerebrum)
Cerebral cortex - CORRECT ANSWER- Outer layer of the cerebrum, composed of folded
gray matter and playing an important role in consciousness (Neuronal cell bodies on the
outside of your brain)
Corpus callosum - CORRECT ANSWER- Large bundle of nerve fibers connecting the left
and right sides of the brain together
Cerebellum - CORRECT ANSWER- Located at the roof of the hindbrain that helps control
coordination of movement by making connections to the pons, medulla, spinal cord, and
thalamus. May also be important part of motor learning.
Neurotransmitter - CORRECT ANSWER- Substance released by synaptic terminals for the
purpose of transmitting information from one cell to another
Synaptic vesicle - CORRECT ANSWER- spherical, membrane-bound organelles in pre-
synaptic terminals that store neurotransmitters
Receptor - CORRECT ANSWER- A molecule specialized to bind any one number of a large
number of chemical signals, predominantly neurotransmitters
Presynaptic - CORRECT ANSWER- Referring to the component of a synapse specialized for
transmitter release. Upstream of a synapse
Postsynaptic - CORRECT ANSWER- Referring to the component of a synapse specialized
for transmitter reception. Downstream of synapse
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