Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) - Correct Answer- Most common transport layer
protocol
Used for reliable transmission of data
Connection-oriented
User Datagram Protocol (UDP) - Correct Answer- Used in time-sensitive situations, for
control messages, when reliability less critical or handled by application layer
Connectionless
Linking to the Application Layer - Correct Answer- Ports used to identify application (2-byte
numbers, 0 to 1)
Client ports are usually high-numbered ephemeral ports (>1024)
HTTP: TCP port 80
, SMTP: TCP port 25
POP3: TCP port 110
Segmenting - Correct Answer- Breaking up large files into smaller segments (and putting
back together)
Session Management - Correct Answer- Using a session: connection-oriented messaging
(TCP)
three-way handshake: SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK
Sending messages w/o a session: connectionless messaging (UDP)
Internet Protocol (IP) - Correct Answer- IPv4: 32-bit addresses (232 or ~4.29 billion possible)
IPv6:128-bit addresses (2128 or ~3.4 × 1038 possible)
Routing - Correct Answer- Identifying what path to have a packet take through a network
from sender to receive
Routing Tables - Correct Answer- Used to make routing decisions
Shows path to use to reach given destination
Kept by computers making routing decisions
Centralized Routing - Correct Answer- (host-based networks, uncommon)
Routing decisions made by one computer
Decentralized Routing - Correct Answer- (used by the Internet)
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