Bio 114 Binghamton Test 1 Study Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
BIO 114
Institution
BIO 114
Contrivance an adaptation that is a results of the modification of a previous ancestor
Adaptation A trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce
Exaptation evolutionary adaptation of an existing structure for a completely new purpose
Vestigial Trait A trait inherited from a common ancestor...
Bio 114 Binghamton Test 1 Study
Questions and Correct Answers
Contrivance ✅an adaptation that is a results of the modification of a previous ancestor
Adaptation ✅A trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce
Exaptation ✅evolutionary adaptation of an existing structure for a completely new
purpose
Vestigial Trait ✅A trait inherited from a common ancestor but is no longer used
Dipliod cell ✅cell that has 2 copies of each chromosome, one from egg, one from
sperm (46)
Hapliod ✅having a single set of unpaired chromosomes, one egg (23) or on sperm
(23)
Gametes ✅reproductive cells
Crossover ✅exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids
Meiosis ✅cell division results in four daughter cells each with half the number of
chromosomes of the parent cell. (sexual reproduction)
Mitosis ✅cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same
number of chromosomes
Nondisjunction ✅failure of a pair of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to
separate normally during nuclear division
Trisomy ✅an extra copy of a chromosome present in nuclei
Genetric drift ✅change in allele frequency within a pop overtime
Gene flow ✅transfer of genetic material from one pop to another
Law of Segregation ✅alleles separate into gametes where each gamete contains one
allele of each gene
Law of independent assortment ✅pair of alleles that occur on different chromosomes,
will behave independently of each other
, Recombination ✅the genetic process by which one chromosome breaks off and
attaches to another chromosome during reproductive cell division
Non-recombinant ✅An offspring whose combination of traits has not changed from the
parental generation.
Cladistics ✅comparing only recently derived traits to determine relatedness, rather
than all traits
Allopatric speciation ✅the process of speciation that occurs with geographic isolation
Sympatric speciation ✅The formation of new species due to preference
Phylogentic species concept ✅relatedness is determined by similarity in traits due to a
common ancestor
Morphospecies concept ✅determine species by physical similarities
Plietropy ✅single genes can affect multiple characteristics
Polygenetic ✅two or more genes contribute to the phenotypic expression of a single
characteristic
Epigenetic effects ✅environmental influences on gene expression
Sexual dimorphism ✅Differences in physical characteristics between males and
females of the same species.
Assotative mating ✅an individual is more likely to mate with another that is similar in
phenotype to itself
Bottleneck effect ✅a reduction in the genetic diversity of a population caused by a
reduction in its size
Paraphyletic group ✅composed of some but not all members descending from a
common ancestor
Phenetics ✅classification based on degree of overall similarity between individuals
Prezygotic isolation ✅prevents individuals of different species from mating
Postzygotic isolation ✅occurs after fertilization
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