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Political Ideologies: Feminism- key knowledge
What was the main focus of first-wave feminism? -Suffrage 
Which phrase is most associated with second-wave feminism -'The personal is political' 
When did third-wave feminism emerge, recognising the concerns of women from a wider range of 
cultures? -1990s 
What was the main focus of fourth-wave feminism? -(Social) Media images of women 
With which wave do we associate the emergence of radical feminism? -Second- wave, 1960s 
What is meant by 'gender' in the language of feminism? -Innate cha...
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- Exam (elaborations)
- • 5 pages •
What was the main focus of first-wave feminism? -Suffrage 
Which phrase is most associated with second-wave feminism -'The personal is political' 
When did third-wave feminism emerge, recognising the concerns of women from a wider range of 
cultures? -1990s 
What was the main focus of fourth-wave feminism? -(Social) Media images of women 
With which wave do we associate the emergence of radical feminism? -Second- wave, 1960s 
What is meant by 'gender' in the language of feminism? -Innate cha...
Radical Feminism 5 ALREADY PASSED
Radical Feminism is -DISMANTLING PATRIARCHY 
Where did Radical Feminism come from? -Started in the late 1960s 
Grew out of the women's liberation movement 
Sees women's oppression as the root of all oppression (radical = 'of the roots') 
Not allied to pre-existing political/ philosophical systems - the first such system to be overtly woman- 
centred (by women, for women) 
Key concept: "the personal is political" 
How does radical feminism explain gender inequalities? -As a product of male ...
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- Exam (elaborations)
- • 3 pages •
Radical Feminism is -DISMANTLING PATRIARCHY 
Where did Radical Feminism come from? -Started in the late 1960s 
Grew out of the women's liberation movement 
Sees women's oppression as the root of all oppression (radical = 'of the roots') 
Not allied to pre-existing political/ philosophical systems - the first such system to be overtly woman- 
centred (by women, for women) 
Key concept: "the personal is political" 
How does radical feminism explain gender inequalities? -As a product of male ...
Radical Feminism 100% PASSED
What do Liberal Feminists want to do with the "system"? -To reform the system. 
This is achieved through working to eliminate discriminatory educational, legal, and economic policies. 
What is the paramount goal of Liberal Feminists? -Achieving equal rights for women. 
What were examples of early Radical Feminists groups? Enumerate 3. -(1) Redstockings 
(2) Feminists 
(3) New York Radical Feminists 
What is the main difference between Liberal and Radical Feminists? -Liberal Feminists are 
refo...
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- Exam (elaborations)
- • 3 pages •
What do Liberal Feminists want to do with the "system"? -To reform the system. 
This is achieved through working to eliminate discriminatory educational, legal, and economic policies. 
What is the paramount goal of Liberal Feminists? -Achieving equal rights for women. 
What were examples of early Radical Feminists groups? Enumerate 3. -(1) Redstockings 
(2) Feminists 
(3) New York Radical Feminists 
What is the main difference between Liberal and Radical Feminists? -Liberal Feminists are 
refo...
Radical feminism ALREADY PASSED
Radical Feminist Theory -patriarchy is universal: male domination of women exists in all known 
societies. 
Firestone argues that the origins of patriarchy lie in women's biological capacity to bear and acre for 
infants, since performing this role means they become dependent on males 
Patriarchy is the primary and most fundamental form of inequality and conflict. The key division is 
between men and women. Men are women's main enemy. 
All men oppress all women. All men benefit from patriarchy...
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- Exam (elaborations)
- • 3 pages •
Radical Feminist Theory -patriarchy is universal: male domination of women exists in all known 
societies. 
Firestone argues that the origins of patriarchy lie in women's biological capacity to bear and acre for 
infants, since performing this role means they become dependent on males 
Patriarchy is the primary and most fundamental form of inequality and conflict. The key division is 
between men and women. Men are women's main enemy. 
All men oppress all women. All men benefit from patriarchy...
Feminism Key Terms
Sex -the biological distinction between females and males 
Gender -the socially constructed roles and characteristics by which a culture defines male and 
female 
Essentialism -An emphasis on the fundamental nature of the biological differences between men 
and women 
Androgyny -displaying both traditional masculine and feminine psychological characteristics 
Patriarchy -A form of social organization in which males dominate females 
Private sphere -aspects of life which are of concern of the ind...
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- Exam (elaborations)
- • 4 pages •
Sex -the biological distinction between females and males 
Gender -the socially constructed roles and characteristics by which a culture defines male and 
female 
Essentialism -An emphasis on the fundamental nature of the biological differences between men 
and women 
Androgyny -displaying both traditional masculine and feminine psychological characteristics 
Patriarchy -A form of social organization in which males dominate females 
Private sphere -aspects of life which are of concern of the ind...
Sociology - A level - Religion theories - Feminism
4 different types of Feminism -Liberal, Marxist, Islamic and Radical 
Liberal Feminism -Type of Feminism which say there has been a march of progress, 
Functionalism agree. Religion can help this process. 
Marxist Feminism -Type of Feminism which says religion supports Capitalism as it divides men 
from women. 
Radical Feminism -Type of Feminism which says religion only benefits men, promoting 
patriarchy. 
Islamic Feminism -Type of Feminism which say that Western feminists are misguided and 
et...
- Package deal
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 3 pages •
4 different types of Feminism -Liberal, Marxist, Islamic and Radical 
Liberal Feminism -Type of Feminism which say there has been a march of progress, 
Functionalism agree. Religion can help this process. 
Marxist Feminism -Type of Feminism which says religion supports Capitalism as it divides men 
from women. 
Radical Feminism -Type of Feminism which says religion only benefits men, promoting 
patriarchy. 
Islamic Feminism -Type of Feminism which say that Western feminists are misguided and 
et...
Sociology- Feminism
What type of theory is feminism? - Structural- society controls the individual 
Patriarchy - Male dominated society 
What are the different types of feminism? - Liberal- Changes have taken place, and men and 
women are more equal now 
Radical- Men dominate women 
Marxist- Women are oppressed by both men and capitalism 
What is the feminist movement fighting for? - Equality for men and women, for example equal 
pay. It is not women dominating men, like many believe it is 
Who can up with 'canali...
- Package deal
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 2 pages •
What type of theory is feminism? - Structural- society controls the individual 
Patriarchy - Male dominated society 
What are the different types of feminism? - Liberal- Changes have taken place, and men and 
women are more equal now 
Radical- Men dominate women 
Marxist- Women are oppressed by both men and capitalism 
What is the feminist movement fighting for? - Equality for men and women, for example equal 
pay. It is not women dominating men, like many believe it is 
Who can up with 'canali...
Feminism 4 QUESTION AND ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED
The Public / Private Divide -The "public" refers to activities that take place within a public sphere, 
that can involve or affect everybody, such as politics, pressure groups, public debate, employment etc. 
The "private" on the other hand refers to private activities which solely affect individuals alone, such as 
housekeeping affairs, and family life. While those such as Liberal Feminists have seen the private divide 
as "non political", and thus not to be interfered with as it could af...
- Package deal
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 13 pages •
The Public / Private Divide -The "public" refers to activities that take place within a public sphere, 
that can involve or affect everybody, such as politics, pressure groups, public debate, employment etc. 
The "private" on the other hand refers to private activities which solely affect individuals alone, such as 
housekeeping affairs, and family life. While those such as Liberal Feminists have seen the private divide 
as "non political", and thus not to be interfered with as it could af...
Feminism 5 100% PASSED
Origins and developments -- Feminist ideas can be traced back to the ancient civilisations of 
Greece and China 
- Christine De Pisan's Book of the City of Ladies published in Italy (1405) foreshadowed many ideas of 
modern feminism such as advocating women's rights to education 
- The first text of modern feminism is Mary Wollstonecraft's the Vindication of the Rights of Women 
(1792) 
- By the mid 19th C the women's movement acquired a central focus which was the right to vote 
Origins and...
- Package deal
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 16 pages •
Origins and developments -- Feminist ideas can be traced back to the ancient civilisations of 
Greece and China 
- Christine De Pisan's Book of the City of Ladies published in Italy (1405) foreshadowed many ideas of 
modern feminism such as advocating women's rights to education 
- The first text of modern feminism is Mary Wollstonecraft's the Vindication of the Rights of Women 
(1792) 
- By the mid 19th C the women's movement acquired a central focus which was the right to vote 
Origins and...
Feminism 6 100% PASSED
.. -Ever notice how when justifying a child's misbehavior no one ever says stuff like "girls will be 
girls" or "she's a girl," but the list of things a "young lady" can't do is almost endless? 
You learn from a young age that masculinity comes with freedom; femininity comes with restrictions. 
... -I think a lot of people have trouble understanding transgender issues because they try to see 
themselves as trans, but come at it from the wrong direction. - i.e. cis woman tries to underst...
- Package deal
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 6 pages •
.. -Ever notice how when justifying a child's misbehavior no one ever says stuff like "girls will be 
girls" or "she's a girl," but the list of things a "young lady" can't do is almost endless? 
You learn from a young age that masculinity comes with freedom; femininity comes with restrictions. 
... -I think a lot of people have trouble understanding transgender issues because they try to see 
themselves as trans, but come at it from the wrong direction. - i.e. cis woman tries to underst...