Exam Edge

An infant who receives a drug that does not produce CNS side effects in adults exhibits drowsiness and sedation. The nurse understands that this is because of differences in which physiologic system in infants and adults? a. Blood-brain barrier b. First-pass effect c. Gastrointestinal absorption d. Renal filtration → ANS: A → The blood-brain barrier is not fully developed at birth, making infants much more sensitive to CNS drugs than older children and adults. CNS symptoms may i...

ordosis → an abnormal increase in forward curvature of lumbar spine kyphosis → a posterior curvature of the thoracic spine resulting in a hunchback Flat back posture characteristics: → flat lumber and lower thoracic, posterior tilt pelvis, extended hips & knees Muscle Balance Summary of Flat Back Posture → long and weak hip flexors, strong and tight hamstrings, strong neck extensors Exercise plan for Flat Back Posture → Mobilise the spine (particularly thoracic spine), strengt...

This person hires an agent → The Principal The agent works on behalf of this person → the client (principal) This type of agency allows for the greatest range of authority → Universal This is provided to the agent when there is written documentation that the agency relationship exists. → Express authority This is the most limited of all the agency relationships → Special agency This type of agency is created when a 3rd party believes that an agent has authority that has N...

Define Pathophysiology → The study of the changes of normal mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions, either caused by disease or resulting from an abnormal syndrome. What does the study of pathophysiology include? → Contains etiology, which is the reason for the phenomena, pathogenesis, which is the development of a disease, clinical manifestations, which is the manifestation of the disease in signs, symptoms, and treatment. The difference between signs and symptoms/ object...

How do you correct a foreshortened image? → decrease the vertical angulation What type of radiation is most dangerous? → all is equally dangerous What is an impregnated sheet? → lead apron When is it acceptable for the operator to hold an x-ray in the patient's mouth? → never What is the Gonadal region? → male reproductive organs What is the purpose of an aluminum filter? → to filter out the low and long energy rays What material is a collimator made of? → lead Wha...

Name 2 ways the Criminal Justice System has changed throughout the history of the U.S. → -no longer a night watch- ("night watch" in which volunteers signed up for a certain day and time, mostly to look out for fellow colonists engaging in prostitution or gambling. (Boston started one in 1636, New York followed in 1658 and Philadelphia created one in 1700.) → - Mappv. Ohio (1961) u.s. supreme court requires states to use the exclusionary rule Outline the process of a misdemean...

Naloxone (Narcan) → opiate antagonist, reverses opioid induced respiratory depression → Treatment of choice for all patients with opioid use disorder → Very short half-life What is Methadone also known as? → Dolophine What type of opioid receptor agonist is Methadone? → Long-acting full agonist at the mu receptor How often is Methadone dosed? → Once daily In what type of programs is Methadone use restricted? → Federally licensed substance abuse treatment programs What s...

The process of releasing neurotransmitter molecules from the vesicles is known as _____ and occurs as a result of an influx of _____ → Exocytosis; Ca2+ Depot binding is said to occur when drugs → Bind to inactive sites During the ____ period, no additional action potentials can be created → Absolute refractory Neural transmission is generally ____ within a single neuron and ____ between neurons. → Electrical; chemical The most common type of synapse in the brain is the ______ s...

Economics → Study of the choices people make to attain their goals, given their scarce resources Macroeconomics → Study of the economy as a whole → Ex: Economic growth, unemployment, inflation Microeconomics → Study of decision making by individuals and firms, along with how the government influences those decisions Rational Individuals → Weigh all the benefits and costs of each action → (Assumption that consumers and firms use all available information as they act to ac...

Economics → study of how people and societies use limited resources to satisfy unlimited wants; the management of scarcity and choice Resources → 1. Land: anything provided by nature → 2. Labor: Mental and physical efforts of humans → 3. Capitol: anything that is provided which in turn is used to produce other goods and services Microeconomics → The study of decision making undertaken by individual economic agents (households, firms) Macroeconomics → The study of the e...