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Common Abbreviations & "DO NOT use list" Q1: What does the abbreviation "NPO" stand for? A) Nothing by mouth B) Nutrition provided orally C) No past orders D) Normal patient output Answer: A) Nothing by mouth Elaboration: NPO is a medical abbreviation meaning the patient should not take anything by mouth, often used before surgery or certain medical procedures. Priority Questions Q2: In a triage situation, which patient should the nurse assess first? A) A patient with a spraine...

Endocrine Q1: Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating blood glucose levels? A) Insulin B) Cortisol C) Thyroxine D) Glucagon Answer: A) Insulin Elaboration: Insulin, produced by the pancreas, lowers blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into the body's cells. In diabetes, this regulation is impaired. Diabetes Type 1 & 2 Q2: A patient with Type 2 diabetes is prescribed Metformin. What is the primary action of this medication? A) Increases insulin p...

1. APGAR Q1: What does the "P" in the APGAR score stand for? A) Pulse B) Pressure C) Position D) Prolapse Answer: A) Pulse Elaboration: The APGAR score evaluates five criteria (Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration) to assess the health of a newborn at one and five minutes after birth. The "P" specifically refers to the heart rate (pulse). 2. Acronyms Q2: What does the acronym "LMP" stand for in obstetric terms? A) Last Menstrual Period B) Labor Management Pl...

1. Pediatric Vital Signs Q1: What is the normal range for a resting heart rate in a 2-year-old child? A) 60-100 bpm B) 80-120 bpm C) 100-140 bpm D) 120-160 bpm Answer: B) 80-120 bpm Elaboration: The normal resting heart rate for toddlers (1-3 years) is typically between 80 and 120 beats per minute. 2. Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development Q2: At what stage of Piaget's cognitive development do children begin to think logically about concrete events? A) Sensorimotor B) Preopera...

1. Abbreviations Q1: What does the abbreviation "IM" stand for in medication administration? A) Intramuscular B) Intravenous C) Intraosseous D) Inhalation Answer: A) Intramuscular Elaboration: "IM" refers to the intramuscular route of administration, where medication is injected directly into a muscle. 2. Conversion Overview (Volume & Weight) Q2: How many milliliters are in 0.5 liters? A) 50 mL B) 100 mL C) 500 mL D) 1000 mL Answer: C) 500 mL Elaboration: There are 1000 ...

Sodium controls which types of cells? A Brain cells and skeletal muscle cells. 2 Q Abnormal sodium levels cause which symptoms? A Symptoms from brain cell and skeletal muscle dysfunction: decreased level of consciousness (↓ LOC) seizures muscle twitching headaches 3 Q Potassium controls which types of cells? A Heart and skeletal muscle cells. 4 Q Abnormal potassium levels cause which symptoms? A Symptoms from heart and skeletal muscle dysfunction: heart dy...

Electrolytes Flashcards Review the most causes, signs & symptoms, and interventions of electrolyte imbalances. Study These Flashcards 1 Q What major complications can occur with fluid and electrolyte imbalances? (Immediate Complication) A Severe fluid and electrolyte imbalances can cause life-threatening complications such as: dysrhythmias seizures respiratory depression coma 2 Q What main organ controls fluid and electrolyte balance? A The kidneys. 3 Q What are th...

What is complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)? A Non-conventional therapies that help heal the client or promote health. 2 Q What are the most common CAMs? A aromatherapy herbs meditation tai chi yoga massage relaxation techniques (music, guided imagery, or controlled breathing) 3 Q What is a very common reason a client may use CAM? A To control pain symptoms or relieve anxiety. 4 Q Complete the sentence: Many herbs increase the risk of _____________. ...

What is the: function of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)? what is it controlled by? what does it regulate? A ​ADH: function: to hold onto water only controlled by: posterior pituitary and kidneys regulates: blood pressure 2 Q What is the: function of aldosterone? what is it controlled by? what does it regulate? A Aldosterone is a steroid hormone: function: to hold onto sodium and water controlled by: adrenals (on top of kidneys) regulates: blood pressure 3 Q What are ...

Which foods have calcium in them? A greens: collard greens, broccoli, kale bones: canned fish dairy products: milk and cheese Calcium intake prevents osteoporosis. Too much calcium can cause kidney stones. 2 Q Which foods have sodium in them? A Salty foods: bacon canned food processed foods table salt bread soy sauce steak sauce ketchup Too much sodium can lead to fluid retention. 3 Q Which foods have magnesium in them? A avocado nuts legumes tofu Magnesiu...