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What is atherosclerosis?  Hardening of the arteries caused by the formation of fibro -fatty lesion *plaque* within the vessel wall What are the main causes of atherosclerosis?  1. A genetic component  2. Hypercholesterolemia  3. Cigarette smoking, obesity, hypertension and diabetes Out of the 3 causes for atherosclerosis, which can be considered a *major risk factor*?  Hypercholesterolemia What is hypercholesterolemia?  Excess cholesterol in blood; heart disease W...

Identifiable causes of mental retardation include  All of the above Criteria for the diagnosis of mental retardation include limitation in at least two of the following.  All of the above A major factor that creates and maintains stuttering is  a. anxiety. _____ involves a progressive, general deterioration of the mental capacities of perceiving, thinking, and remembering.  d. Dementia 5. The anxiety disorder that results from an external event of an overwhelming painful ...

Abrasion  superficial injuries of the skin and visceral linings of the body Abruption Placenta  the premature separation of a normally implanted placenta from the uterine wall after the pregnancy has passed 20 weeks gestation or during labor Acne Vulgaris  inflammation of the skin follicles Actinic Keratosis  a precancerous skin growth that occurs on sun -damaged skin Active Immunity  a form of acquired immunity in which the body produces its own antibodies against ...

Cell Mastermind  The nucleus that contains genetic material, regulates. Nucleotide- Purine  Adenine & Guanine Nucleotide- Pyrimidine  Cytosine and Thymine RNA  single-stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose. ex. insulin Ribosome  site of protein synthesis mRNA ~ 1 ~ for inquiry mail me @ Best Grades | Must Pass | Latest Update | Correct Answers | 2024/ 2025  Messenger- carries instructions for polypeptide synthesis from nucleus to ribosomes in the c...

Innate immunity  Quick response to predetermined array of chemical signals Pathogens are  Disease causing microorganisms Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) are  Microbial products that stimulate innate immunity Damage Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) are  Molecules that can initiate and perpetuate immune response in the non infectious inflammatory response Receptor molecules (pattern/pathogen recognition receptors [PRRs]) are  Receptors on cells recogni...

Pathogenesis  Development of the disease or the sequence of events involved in the tissue exchange related to specific disease process Acute  sudden/short term Insidious  Gradual Chronic  gradual/ long lasting subclinical  disease present with out symptoms latent ~ 1 ~ for inquiry mail me @ Best Grades | Must Pass | Latest Update | Correct Answers | 2024/ 2025  silent stage with no signs evident (incubation period) Prodromal  aware of change in disease has ...

List the four main characteristics of viruses.  They're considered the smallest and simplest infectious agents.  They lack cell organelles and don't carry out metabolic activities  They are incapable of independent reproduction.  They are obligatory intracellular parasites. List the four structural components of viruses and give their functions.  Nucleic acid: RNA or DNA (dsDNA or ssDNA) containing the viral genome Capsid: a protein coat surrounding the nucleic acid ...

An example of this adaptive response is the enlargement of the prostate in response to elevated levels of androgens.  Hyperplasia It's described as the increase in size of the cells, which results in the increase in mass and size of an organ.  Hypertrophy This is a cellular adaptive response commonly found in the cells of the cervix and respiratory tract.  Dysplasia The reduction in mass of the muscles and bones of the legs of paraplegic people is an example of this ada...

Etiologic Agent  Any microorganism capable of producing an infection. Reservoir  A place where a microorganism resides. Portal of Exit  Where the microorganism leaves the reservoir. Method of Transmission  Means by which the microorganism travels to another host. Direct Transmission, Indirect , or Intermediate transmission. Portal of Entry  Where the microorganism enters the body. Susceptible Host ~ 1 ~ for inquiry mail me @ Best Grades | Must Pass | Latest Update |...

Sex  Refers to anatomical or biological categories, where as "gender" ref ers to social or cultural categories. Sex can refer to our sex organs, physical activities involving our sex organs, or erotic feelings Human Sexuality  Refers to the ways we experience and express ourselves as sexual beings Sexuality Wheel  The sexuality wheel shows how broad the idea of sexuality really is. Each part of the wheel represents 1 part of who we are, and how these parts are all con...