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1. Types of immunity-e.g. innate, active, etc (ch 7 ,191)  Innate immunity includes two lines of defense: natural barriers and inflammation Natural barriers are physical, mechanical, and biochemical barriers at the body’s surfaces and are in place at birth to prevent damage by substances in the environment and thwart infection by pathogenic microorganisms.  the natural epithelial barrier and inflammation confer innate resistance and protection, commonly referred to as innate, native, ...

NR 508 Advanced Pharmacology Mid-Term Exam Fall 2020 Johns Hopkins University 1. A patient asks a primary care NP whether over-the-counter drugs are safer than prescription drugs. The NP should explain that over-the-counter drugs are: (Points : 2) generally safe when label information is understood and followed. safer because over-the-counter doses are lower than prescription doses of the same drug. less safe because they are not well regulated by the Food and ...

. Question : What is the ratio of coronary capillaries to cardiac muscle cells? Student Answer: 1:1 (one capillary per one muscle cell) 1:2 (one capillary per two muscle cells) 1:4 (one capillary per four muscle cells) 1:10 (one capillary per ten muscle cells) Instructor Explanation: The heart has an extensive capillary network, with approximately 3300 capillaries per square millimeter (ca/mm2) or approximately one capillary per one muscle cell (muscle fiber).

• Performs its functions through pulmonary ventilation, respiration and perfusion • Normal functioning depends on: • Integrity of the airway system to transport air to & from lungs • Oxygenate venous blood; remove carbon dioxide from blood • Properly functioning cardiovascular system to carry nutrients • Upper airway • Function: warm, filter, humidify inspired air • Nose, pharynx, larynx, epiglottis

Hygiene- measure of personal cleanliness Factors affecting it: culture, economic class, spiritual practice, health state Assessing the Skin • Head-to-toe sequence • Compare bilateral for symmetry • What to consider? • Cleanliness, color, temperature, turgor, moisture, sensation, vascularity, evidence of lesions (ABCDE)

Communication- PRIMARY aspect- can be verbal or nonverbal Encoder- person who starts message/communication uses a ‘medium/channel’ Decoder- receiver of communication Gait- how people walk Electronic communication- depends on the policy of where you work; ex/ e-mail Four Levels of Communication • Intrapersonal- self talk, communication with one self; ex/ positivity • Interpersonal- occurs between 2 or more people with the goal to exchange messages • Negative interpersonal beha...

Health- a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not the absence of disease or infirmity Illness- the unique response of a person to a disease; an abnormal process involving changed level of functioning Wellness- an active state of being healthy by living a lifestyle promoting good physical, mental and emotional health

IOM (Institute of Medicine) six outcomes for new healthcare - Safe - Effective - Efficient - Patient-centered - Timely - Equitable 1999- To ERR is Human – states that too many mistakes were made that could have been prevented; focused on human safety

1. A male employee who is assessed weekly in the employee clinic for blood pressure because of a history of hypertension tells the nurse that he is so upset with one of his co-workers that he would like to shoot him. What action should the nurse take first? a.) Determine if the client has a weapon available for use. b.) Inform the health care provider of the threat to harm a co-worker. c.) Notify security of the client’s intention to harm a co-worker. d.) Have the employee escorted to a me...

1. A nurse is reviewing the medication administration record of a client who has major depressive disorder and a new prescription for selegiline. The nurse should recognize that which of the following client medications is contraindicated when taken with selegiline? a. Wafarin b. Fluoxetine c. Calcium carbonate d. Acetaminophen