Pc 705 module 1 exam - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

PC 705 Module 1 Exam - Stress and Genetics Genotype The exact gene allele composition for a single gene trait Phenotype the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment. Ploidy Number of chromosomes present in nucleus of cell in metaphase at mitosis Haploid 1N—One complete set of chromosomes (23) Ex: gametes Diploid 2N—-both pairs of chromosomes (23 pairs or 46 individual) Polyploidy Extra chromosomes in every pair. ...

PC 705 Module 4 Exam - Cardiovascular Changes to the cardiovascular system with aging include: -myocardial & blood vessel stiffening -left ventricular hyperteophy and fibrosis -decrease effectiveness of valves (calcification) -decreased baroreceptor activity -decreased control of vascular tone -loss of exercise capacity What are the risks with age in relation to the cardiovascular system? -risk of CVD -risk of atrial fibrillation -risk of HF releated to LV hypertrophy and fibrosis -risk of val...

PC 705 Module 9 Exam - Renal and Integumentary Age related changes in the renal system: -decreased GFR -decreased nephron size and number -increased drug toxicity due to decreased secretion -decreased renal activation of vitamin D -hypertrophy of kidneys -hyperkalemia is common -reduced adaptability to changes in volume What is GFR? -glomerular filtration rate -how much blood is filtered by the kidneys per minute -can use Inulin, Creatinine, Cystatin C It takes how long for plasma creatinine t...

PC 705 Module 3 Exam - Gastrointestinal, Liver, Gallbladder, and Pancreas Disorders What is GERD? -gastroesophageal reflux disease -reflux of acid & pepsin or bile salts from the stomach to the esophagus through the lower esophageal sphincter What does GERD mostly contribute to? Esophagitis What are the risk factors for GERD? -obesity (increases intraabdominal pressure) -hiatal hernia (increases intrabdominal pressure) -drugs that may relax the LES (lower esophageal sphincter) Pathogenesis of ...

PC 705 Module 2 Exam - Immunity and Infection Innate Immunity involves which two things? First line of defense (mechanical and biochemical barriers) & Second line of defense (Inflammatory response) What is the first line of defense? Natural barriers or mechanisms to keep invaders OUT Examples of physical & mechanical barriers during the first line of defense? Tight epithelial cells of skin & mucous membranes of GI, GU, and respiratory tract Mucus that coats and traps microorganisms Cilia to he...

PC 705 Module 10 Exam - Male and Female Reproductive What is dysmenorrhea? -painful menstruation -higher prevalence in adolescence -primary--physiologic process unrelated to another pathologic disorder -secondary--due to pathologic disorders such as ovarian cysts, endometriosis Pathogenesis of dysmenorrhea? -increased COX activity (prostaglandin synthesis) -excessive release of prostaglandin E & F--which causes uterine hyper contractility, decreased uterine blood flow, increased nerve sensitiv...