Ion gradients - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

AQA A LEVEL BIOLOGY Paper 1 2024 What is the function of the cell membrane? - ANS To control what enters and leaves the cell, acts as a barrier between the cell and its environment. What structural feature of the cell membrane allows substances to enter/leave? - ANS Partially permeable What is the fluid mosaic model? - ANS States that a membrane is a fluid structure (because phospholipids are constantly moving) with a "mosaic" of various proteins embedded in it Describe the...

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What direction does sodium want to flow? Potassium? Correct Answer-Sodium: Wants to flow *into* cell Potassium: Wants to flow *out* of cell Which ion has the largest gradient? What direction will it want to flow? Correct Answer-Calcium has a huge gradient and will go down gradient *into* the cell if possible. What is a membrane potential? What is the relative charge difference between the outside and inside of a cell? Correct Answer-Voltage difference across their plasma membranes. The in...

sodium potassium pump - ️️enzyme that transports 3 sodium to the outside, and it transports 2 potassium to the inside using the hydrolysis of ATP - creates more sodium outside and more potassium inside and creates a concentration gradient Midline, ipsilateral and contrelateral - ️️line separating left and right of the entire nervous system - ipsilateral means the same side of something and contralateral means the opposite side of something Nissl stain showed (Nissl) - ️️Nissl u...

GMS 6440 Problem Set 2 Voltage and Concentration Gradients Exam questions and answers.

Why Does the Brain Need Blood? Consumes 15-20% of the body’s total energy needs, (and receives 15% of Cardiac Output), despite being only 2% of total body mass. Neurons require high ATP to:  Maintain Ion Gradients across Plasma Membrane  Regulate Neurotransmitter synthesis/re-uptake. Neurons have NO ANAEROBIC CAPACITY → Therefore the brain absolutely depends on Oxygenated Blood.  Hence, any deficit in blood supply is detrimental (≈30+sec lack of blood/O2 to brain → u...

PNB 2274 UCONN Exam 2 Tanner Questions And Answers Rated A+ Principles Electrostatic Attraction ANS - charge attraction - positively charged ions will be attracted to negatively charged ions Principles Chemical (diffusional) Gradients ANS - when a membrane is selectively permeable positively charged ions will flow to the one side making the other side negative due to leak channels. - making one side harder to diffuse with the outside of the cell because it is attracted to the more charg...

Nervous System - MCATSoma - correct answer neuron cell body Oligodendrocytes - correct answer cells that produce MYELIN in CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM Schwann Cells - correct answer cells that produce MYELIN in the PERIPHERY Resting Membrane Potential - correct answer about -70mV inside of neuron is negative relative to outside Discuss ion concentrations inside neuron. - correct answer [K+] is high inside neuron [Na+] is low inside neuron Discuss ion concentrations outside neuron...

Bio 161 Exam 2- Penn State Questions and Answers Already Passed Question 1: What is the definition of current in the context of physiology? - a. movement of ions - b. flow of charged particles - c. chemical reaction - d. electrical discharge - Answer: b. flow of charged particles Explanation: Current refers to the flow of charged particles, such as ions, from one point to another, driven by an electrical potential or voltage. Question 2: What term is used to describe an el...

1 | P a g e Biology Lecture Notes FINAL END OF YEAR 2023 (STEMer’s guide) 2024 Lecture (3) Resting potential – Action potential 2 | P a g e ION PUMP AND ION CHANNELS ESTABLISH THE RESTING POTENTIAL OF A NEURON As you know, ions are unequally distributed between the interior of cells and the fluid that 3 | P a g e surrounds them. As a result, the inside of a cell is negatively charged relative to the outside. Because the attraction of opposite charges across the plasma membrane is ...

Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to receive information - Answer-Dendrites The part of the neuron that contains the nucleus, which processes and integrates information - AnswerCell Body / Soma A threadlike extension of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body - Answer-Axon Nerve - Answer-A bundle of axons makes up a ___ Branches of the axon that allow one neuron to pass the signal to multiple effectors - Answer-Axon Collaterals At the axon hillock - Ans...