Local anaesthesia Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

anaesthetic injected into the spinal canal, which generates numbness below this site - spinal anaesthetic Can all patients use PCA system? Why or why not? - No, depends on suitability. Must be mentally alert, able to understand and comply with PCA. common dose for oxycodone - IV IV, initially 0.5-2 mg; repeat every 3-5 minutes (this interval may not represent the true time to peak effect); titrate dose according to response and sedation score, see Respiratory depression. Use the lower dos...

1. For lower premolars, the purpose of inclining the handpiece lingually is to, A. Avoid buccal pulp horn B. Avoid lingual pulp horn C. Remove unsupported enamel D. Conserve lingual dentine - ANSWER A. Avoid buccal pulp horn Explanation 1- avoid BUCCAL pulp horn 2- conserve ling. dentine So take A and B if available 2. For an amalgam restoration of a weakened cusp you should, A. reduce cusp by 2mm on a flat base for more resistance B. reduce cusp by 2mm following the outli...

Anaesthesia (without sensation) is a state of controlled, temporary loss of sensation or awareness that is induced for medical purposes. It may include: - analgesia (relief from or prevention of pain) - paralysis (muscle relaxation) - amnesia (loss of memory), or unconsciousness 1.General anaesthesia (GA) is the state produced when a patient receives medications to produce amnesia and analgesia with or without reversible muscle paralysis. 2. Agents that produce general anaesthesi...

A very concise set of notes covering the important aspects of anaesthesia & surgical drugs required to pass the GPhC exam. Topics include: - General anaesthetics - Local anaesthetics - Pre- & peri-operative medicine

Anaesthesia AORN Exam with Questions and Answers What is the Emergence Phase? ANSWER It starts as the patient begins to awaken and ends upon exiting the operating room What equipment is used for airway maintenance? ANSWER Depending on the length of the procedure and the patient, the anaesthesia care provider may opt to use mask ventilation or a laryngeal mask airway (LMA), which increases comfort for patient and helps them recover faster. Some patients may need to be intubated. What NPO...

Routes of Drug Administration Complete Solutions Why is a drug substance incorporated into various dosage forms for administration by alternative routes? To maximize therapeutic response Dosage forms available for different administration routes Brainpower Read More What are the different routes of drug administration? 1. Oral route/Buccal/Sublingual 2. Respiratory Route 3. Nasal 4. Topical Route 5. Ocular 6. Parenteral Route 7. Rectal Route 8. Vaginal Variation i...

I. Elaborate on: (3 x 10 = 30) 1. Discuss the aetiology and management of intraoperative hypotension. 2. Advanced cardiac life support and recent guidelines 3. Discuss the causes and management of post operative hypoxia. II. Write notes on: (8 x 5 = 40 ) 1. Safety devices in anesthesia machine 2. Problems of obesity 3. Bronchospasm during general anesthesia 4. Positioning under anesthesia 5. Anaphylaxis 6. CO2 transport in the blood. 7. NYHA classification. 8. Cyanosis III. Short An...

Consent must be (5) - Answer - voluntary - specific - informed - legal capacity - current Legal Capacity - Answer 18 years old Advance Care Directive - Answer legal documents outline care person wishes to receive if they no longer have capacity to make their own decisions Factors affecting Legal Capacity (5) - Answer - unconscious - intellectual disability (e.g. dementia) - brain injury (depends on degree) - emergency - child Doctrine of Necessity/Emergency - Answer in emergency whe...

A 37y old attends 1st ANC. 12/40. Asks if tests can be done to ensure baby is normal. Concerned b/c G2P0 1M. What is the background pop risk of miscarriage & what influence does one previous? Miscarriage is common (therefore give reassurance) Up to 50% conceptions or 20% of implantations - Increases after each successive pregnancy loss and maternal age after 30 A 37y old attends 1st ANC. 12/40. Asks if tests can be done to ensure baby is normal. Concerned b/c G2P0 1M. What are her ov...

Medical Conditions and Risk for Surgery (Table 50-4), 11. Bleeding disorders: Risk hemmorage during and after 12. DM: Hyperglycemia, infection, impaired wound healing 13. Heart dz: Anaesthesia depress cardiac function and Stress of surg inc myocardial oxygen demand 14. HTN: Inc stroke and inad tissue oxygenation during anesthesia 15. OSA: Opiods inc risk airways obstruction after surgery and pts Desat: dec in pulse ox 16. URI: Inc risk pneumonia and laryngeospasm during anasthesia 17. R...