Hs 350 - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Signs - ANS direct observations by an examiner Symptoms - ANS complaints reported by the patients Syndrome - ANS a collection of clinical signs, symptoms, and data (vs disease) Etiology - ANS the cause of disease (vs risk factor) Pathology - ANS the study of changes in bodily structure and function that occur as a result of disease Epi - ANS on/over/near/outer Demos - ANS people Logos - ANS study...

Why Parkinson's Disease and Alzheimer's Disease - ANS Incidence of both increases with age Population is aging (2030, proportion of the population >65, 20%) Huge impact on health care (NIA projecting 14 million with AD by 2040) Alzheimer's disease - ANS Most common cause of dementia (65%) Begins after 60, risk goes up with age PROGRESSIVE loss of cognitive function ---memory ---judgment and reasoning ---movement coordination Central Nervous System Involveme...

All diastolic murmurs are pathological. Murmurs Grades I-barely II-audible III- clearly audible. IV- first time thrill V-Steth edge VI-entire steth. EXAM - ANSWER-III first time audible, IV first time thrill Fundal height 12 weeks - ANSWER-Fundal Height 12 weeks above symphysis pubis. EXAM Fundus 16 weeks between symphysis pubis and umbilicus. Fundus at 20 weeks is at umbilicus. 2 cm more of less from # of wk gestation is normal if more or less order US 3 month old infant with down...

T or F: It is common to be infected with HIV through kissing because HIV is found in saliva. - Answer False T or F: In the 1980s, condom use and clean needle programs were highly favorable and widely accepted public health strategies to prevent HIV transmission. - Answer False T or F: Heterosexual men and women cannot get HIV. - Answer False T or F: There is no cure for HIV. - Answer True T or F: HIV was identified as the virus causing AIDS within a few days of the first identified A...

Which of the following is NOT an obstructive pulmonary disease? Emphysema Asthma Pulmonary hypertension Bronchitis - Answer pulmonary hypertension Type 1 diabetes is associated with which one of the following? Autoimmunity Young age at onset Risk of ketoacidosis All of the above - Answer all of the above Which of the following is NOT associated with nephrotic syndrome? Decreased glomerular permeability Proteinuria Hypoproteinemia Edema Compensatory protein synthesi...

What tissues/ organs are part of the immune system? - Answer -tonsils and adenoids -thymus -appendix -lymphatic vessels -lymph nodes -spleen -peyer's patches -bone marrow Describe the basic functions of the immune system - Answer -Innate immunity - nonspecific -Includes "danger/damage signals" -Specific immunity - recognition of foreign "antigens" -Vast capacity for recognition of foreign antigens (gene rearrangement) -Immunologic "memory" -Tolerance for self Answer...

What is NOT a feature of a gram positive bacteria? - Answer It is not pink/red - appears purple with thick peptidoglycan Which of the following is true of endotoxins? - Answer A lipopolysaccharide that is part of the cell wall that gets released on destruction of bacteria (PAMP) Which of the following fictional bacteria might be shaped like small spheres? - Answer Bacteria with "cocci" in the name Which of the following diseases' symptoms are NOT caused by a toxin? - Answer diseas...

Cellular Stress - Answer cellular response to insult and injury Cells can adapt by changing their... - Answer size, number, and type Size changes of cellular response - Answer Atrophy and Hypertrophy Atrophy - Answer decrease in cell size Occurs under conditions of: -decreased workload/tissue demand -adverse environmental conditions In response to: -decreased stimulation (from use, nerves, or hormones) -malnutrition -ischemia Hypertrophy - Answer Increase in cell size (and f...

epidemiology definition - Answer study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations and the application of this study to control health problems koch's four postulates - Answer 1. present in disease 2. capable of growth in pure cultures in lab 3. cause disease when injected into healthy animal 4. be rendered from experimental animal WHO leading cause of death - Answer heart disease host - Answer genetic susceptibility nutrition h...

Which of the following is FALSE about rabies? - Answer HELPFUL TO KNOW: 1-3 months before symptoms expected (flu-like), Must have contact with someone/something, Regarding WARTS, which of the following statements is FALSE? - Answer HINT: They do spread through touch, Those that cause warts are not associated with cancer Hep B may be spread by each of the following routes of transmission EXCEPT - Answer HINT: it DOES spread through sexual transmission Herpes infection could result in sev...