Chem 241 - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

History of chromatography (ch 23) - correct answers -Greek word "chromatus" for color -Tswett (1903) first separated plant pigments Applications - correct answers Breast milk, water analysis, urinalysis for drug doping Goals of separation - correct answers Recovery of product, purity of product Type, SP, MP - correct answers 1. Adsorption: one polar substance sticks to another polar substance. Solid SP, gas or liquid MP 2. Partition: dissolving of 2 similar liquids. Liquid SP, gas o...

Extraction - correct answers Transfer of a solute from one phase to another Eluent - correct answers Fluid entering the column Partition Chromatography - correct answers Separation based on solute dissolving into stationary liquid Ion-Exchange Chromatography - correct answers Separation based on charge, stationary phase is made of either negatively or positively charged beads Size Exclusion Chromatography - correct answers Separation based on molecular size, larger molecules elute fi...

What form of bromo blue was soluble in the organic layer? a. Acidic b. Basic c. Both d. Neither - correct answers acidic bc its neutral What form of bromo blue was soluble in the aqueous layer? a. Acidic b. Basic c. Both d. Neither - correct answers basic bc it has charge on it and the aq layer in lab was polar and the basic layer was also polar when looking at the full spectra of the promo blue ranging from ph 5 to 10, the absorbance values converge. What is this point called?...

Goals of separation - correct answers Recovery of product- catching the desired solute after separation Purity of product- how many and how much of various components Type of Chromatography - correct answers Partioning= liquid SP, liquid or gas MP Adsorption (Chemical sticking)- solid SP, liquid or gas MP Ion-Exchange- bonded anion(-) or action (+) SP, liquid MP Molecular Exclusion (size exclusion, gel permeation)-pores SP, liquid MP Affinity- Antigen/Antibody SP, liquid MP Solvent do...

What are the wavelengths of visible light? - correct answers 400 - 800 nm How do X-Rays affect electrons? - correct answers Electronic Transitions of Core Electrons (Breaks chemical bonds and ionizes molecules) How does UV- VIS affect electrons? - correct answers Electronic Transitions of Valence Electrons (Vibrational + Rotational as well) How does IR affect electrons? - correct answers Vibrational Transitions (Rotational as well) How do Microwave waves affect electrons? - correct a...

What is the Arrhenius definition of an acid/base? - correct answers acid: increases [H30+] in solution base: increases [OH-] in solution What is the Bronsted-Lowry definition of an acid/base? - correct answers acid: donates H+ base: accepts H+ What is the Lewis definition of an acid/base? - correct answers acid: e- pair acceptor base: e- pair donor What are the 7 strong acids? - correct answers HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, HClO3, HClO4, H2SO4 (first H only) What functional group do the str...

what are the two forms of hydrogen and how can we determine which it is within a bond? - correct answers Hydrogen can either be acidic (+) or hydridic (-). we can determine which it is in a certain bond by looking at the dipole and electronegativity of both atoms. what is an anion? - correct answers an atom with more electrons and a negative charge what is a cation? - correct answers an atom with less electrons (missing some) and a positive charge describe the radius of neutral atoms, c...

the importance of TMS (CH3)4Si - correct answers -TMS is extremely shielded (more so than most organics) -1 sharp spike at 0, due to 12 equivalent protons -chem. Inert -low BP, easily removed Beer's Law - correct answers A=abc A=absorbance a=molar absorptivity b=path length c=concentration know how to find c= if λ=max then a is constant if a standardized cuvette is used b is constant if A, b, and a are known, then c can be calculated, but only if all those criteria are met! (A ...

CHEM 241 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY STUDY GUIDE 2024 CHIRALITYCHEM 241 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY STUDY GUIDE 2024 CHIRALITYCHEM 241 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY STUDY GUIDE 2024 CHIRALITYCHEM 241 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY STUDY GUIDE 2024 CHIRALITY

Fraction of Dissociation - correct answers the fraction of the acid in the conjugate base form (A-). [A-] / [A-]+[HA] or [A-]/F Fraction of Association - correct answers the fraction of the base in the conjugate acid form [BH+]. [BH+] / [BH+]+[B] or [BH+]/F Strong Acids - correct answers HClO4, H2SO4, HNO3, HCl, HI, HBr Strong Bases - correct answers LiOH, NaOH, KOH, RbOH, CsOH Ca(OH)2, Mg(OH)2, Ba(OH)2, Sr(OH)2 What should I do if I have a dilute strong acid or base? (10e-6<F...