Aqa biology stuvia 2024 - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Polysaccharide - ANSWERMany monosaccharides joined together by a condensation reaction Activation energy - ANSWERenergy required to bring about a reaction, it is lowered by presence of enzyme active site - ANSWERa group of amino acids that make up a region of the enzyme where a substrate binds to catalyse a reaction enzyme - ANSWERa protein that acts as a biological catalyst tertiary structure (protein) - ANSWERfolding of a polypeptide chain and contains disulfide bridges, hydrogen +...

Describe the role of a ribosome in the production of a polypeptide. /3 - ANSWER1. mRNA binds to ribosome; 2. Idea of TWO codons/binding sites; 3. tRNA with ANTICODONS binds; 4. (Catalyses) formation of PEPTIDE bond between AMINO ACIDS (held by tRNA molecules); 5. Moves along (mRNA to the next codon); Describe the structure of glycogen. /2 - ANSWER1. Polysaccharide of α-glucose; OR polymer of α-glucose; 2. (Joined by) glycosidic bonds OR Branched structure; NHE3 actively transp...

How do biological molecules provide evidence for evolution? - ANSWERThey all have similar molecules and use the same amino acids and DNA. What are monomers of carbohydrates called? - ANSWERMonosaccharides. Beta Glucose - ANSWER Alpha glucose - ANSWER Glucose formula - ANSWERC₆H₁₂O₆ Name of the bond between monosaccharides? - ANSWERGlycosidic bond. What is sucrose made from? - ANSWERGlucose and fructose. What is lactose made from? - ANSWERGlucose and galactose. Wha...

Monosaccharides - ANSWER- A single monomer of sugar. - Formula = CnH2nO6 - Examples: Glucose, fructose, galactose. Alpha Glucose - ANSWER- Hydroxyl (OH) group on the bottom of carbon-1. Beta Glucose - ANSWER- Hydroxyl (OH) group on the top of carbon-1. Disaccharides - ANSWER- Carbohydrates that are made up of two monosaccharides. - Formed by a glycosidic bond through a condensation reaction. - Water is formed. - Examples: Maltose (glucose + glucose), Sucrose (glucose + fructose), L...

Describe how a non-competitive inhibitor can reduce the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction - ANSWERBinds away from active site Changes shape of active site So no longer complementary so less substrate can bind How to identify a competitive inhibitor - ANSWERWith the inhibitor, it increases substrate conc + doesent change rate of reaction No large lipid droplets are visible with the optical microscope in the samples from suspension A. Explain why - ANSWEREmulsification Cant be seen...

the krebs cycle takes place in the _______ of the ___________ - ANSWERmatrix mitochondria epistasis - ANSWERarises when the allele of one gene affects or masks the expression of another in the phenotype autosome - ANSWERa chromosome that is not a sex chromosome biodiversity - ANSWERthe range and variety of genes, species and habitats within a particular region biomass - ANSWERthe total mass of living material, normally measured in a specific area over a given period of time intras...

What are most carbohydrates, proteins and nucleic acids? - ANSWERPolymers What are polymers? - ANSWERLarge, complex molecules made up of long chains of monomers joined together What are monomers? - ANSWERSmall, basic molecular units What elements do all carbohydrates contain? - ANSWERC (carbon), H (hydrogen), and O (oxygen) What monomers are carbohydrates made from? - ANSWERMonosaccharides, such as glucose, fructose and galactose. Why is glucose a hexose sugar? - ANSWERBecause it ...

What is the premise behind the experiment? - ANSWER- Cell surface membranes made of phospholipid bilayer > selectively permeable. This can be changed by variables like temp and solvent conc. - As temp increases, enzymes like transport proteins lining the membrane may denature, allowing the red pigment to leave the membrane as it is now permeable to more susbstances. - Membrane permeability is measured using beetroot cells, which contain a purple pigment. When membranes are more permeable, ...