Biology 118

Biology notes on cellular respiration including topics such as autotrophs, heterotrophs, ATP, glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain, mitochondria, aerobic respiration, chemiosmosis, anaerobic.

Biology notes on cell membranes. Topics include phospholipids, fatty acids, polarity, amphipathic molecules, selective permeability, fluid mosaic model, membrane proteins, passive and active diffusion.

Biology notes on photosynthesis. Topics include: solar energy, chloroplasts, Calvin cycle, citric acid cycle, photorespiration, C4 and CAM plants

Biology notes on metabolism. topics included: metabolism, catabolic pathway, amino acids, energy, thermodynamics, free energy, cellular respiration, photosynthesis, ATP, catalysts.

General biology notes on carbon bonding, hydrocarbons, functional groups and properties of carbon

biology notes on properties of water, hydrogen bonding, pH, buffers

Biology notes on macromolecules. Major topics: polymers, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids