Reductio ad absurdum - Guides d'étude, Notes de cours & Résumés

PHIL 101 Straighterline EXAM 2 | Latest Update | 2024/2025 | 100% Verified What does the term "a priori" knowledge refer to in philosophy? "A priori" knowledge refers to knowledge that is independent of experience and is gained through reason alone. What is the main argument presented in Descartes' "Meditations on First Philosophy"? In "Meditations on First Philosophy," Descartes argues for the certainty of the self's existence with the famous statement "I think, theref...

PHIL 101 Straighterline EXAM 4 | Latest Update | 2024/2025 | 100% Verified What is the "ontological argument" for the existence of God? The ontological argument asserts that the concept of a perfect God implies His existence because existence is a necessary attribute of perfection. How does "empiricism" differ from "rationalism"? Empiricism emphasizes knowledge derived from sensory experience, while rationalism asserts that reason and intellect are primary sources of knowled...

Which of the following branches of philosophy does NOT involve questions related to values? a. Moral b. Metaphysics c. Social d. Political - ANSWER-b. Metaphysics _____ is defined as the philosophical study of art and of value judgments about art. a. Aesthetics b. Epistemology c. Logic d. Metaphysics - ANSWER-a. Aesthetics What fallacy is it when an argument assumes only two options when in fact there are more? a. straw man b. false dilemma c. begging the question d. appe...

Many of today's scientists who are considered to be blinded by science say that the true believers _____. A. seek self-condonement B. acknowledge the impossibility of things C. acknowledge the reality of meteorites D. suffer from a similar myopia D Those who accept the reality of the paranormal are referred to as the _____. A. mystic believers B. celestial believers C. phenomenal believers D. true believers D According to historian Thomas Kuhn, science advances only by recognizing and dealing...

Fire and the mist - Answer Anaximander Asks whether the purpose of art is or ought to be representative or non-representative - Answer Aesthetics Arguably the forefather(s) of modern chemistry - Answer Leucippus and Democritus The manner of Socrates's death - Answer Ingested hemlock (suicide) All physical things have measurable properties - Answer Pythagoras Pluralist (more than two basic substances) - Answer Empedocles Monist - Answer Thales DUalist - Answer Plato Which...

heuristic - correct answer mental shortcut WOB - correct answer Web of beliefs Semantics - correct answer the set of rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes, words, and sentences in a given language; also, the study of meaning Conjunction Fallacy - correct answer when people think that two events are more likely to occur together than either individual event Occam's Razor - correct answer The philosophy that the simplest explanation is usually the correct one reductio ad ...

Which of the following branches of philosophy does NOT involve questions related to values? a. Moral b. Metaphysics c. Social d. Political correct answer: b. Metaphysics _____ is defined as the philosophical study of art and of value judgments about art. a. Aesthetics b. Epistemology c. Logic d. Metaphysics correct answer: a. Aesthetics What fallacy is it when an argument assumes only two options when in fact there are more? a. straw man b. false dilemma c. begging the q...

PHIL102 – saylor academy Final Study Questions and answers. literal meaning - A sentence's grammatical structure and the conventional meanings assigned to the words used Conversational implicature - information that is understood through inference but is not actually said in a conversation implied meaning - This is a suggested, but not stated meaning reportive definition - A dictionary-type definition that attempts to capture how a word is normally used stipulative definition -...

Three Views of Philosophy - correct answerphilosophy as a method, philosophy as a subject matter, philosophy as an attitude Uses Rational Arguments, Conceptual Analysis, Rational Thought, Linguistic Analysis, and Logic (Type of Philo) - correct answerPhilosophy as a Method Philo Questions: 1. Have a deep and lasting interest to humans 2. Have answers but haven't been settled 3. Anwers can't be decided by science, faith or common sense Three Types of Questions Asked (Give examples): W...

Philosophy Class Notes study guide verified 100% Essay Q1: a) Define Philosopical Scepticism b) give two reasons to disprove it. * - a) Philosophical Skepticism is that there are no right or wrong answers in philosophy. b) One way you can combat philosophical skepticism are invalid inference, which means just because there haven't been any answers found, doesn't mean there are no answers. Ex. Science continues to search for the unknown. Another way to combat PS is through the Nature...