ANT2100 Intro to Archaeology Test 4,
FSU Questions and Answers
"Historical archaeology is the Handmaiden to History" - Answers -Nole Hume
What is a totem pole an example of? - Answers -A sacred object/ object of cultural
patrimony under NAGPRA
"Pork is the top food of choice in the Antebellum _________" - Answers -Upland south
Symbol - Answers -An object that stands for something else, visual representations of
an idea,
What do you do as a regular person when you find an unmarked burial? - Answers -Call
law enforcement
What do you do as a professional archaeologist if you find an unmarked human burial? -
Answers -Determine if it is recent or +75 years old. If recent call law enforcement, if old
enough call State Archaeologist
Moiety - Answers -often perform reciprocated ceremonial obligations to each other,
such as burying the dead of the others or hosting feasts
What are three key components of human societies - Answers -Gender, Kinship and
Social Status
Sex - Answers -Biologically determined, iherited
Gender - Answers -Socially determined, culturally constructed ideas about sex
differences
Gender roles - Answers -activities that males or females perform, or are allowed to
participate in, prescribed by their cultural groups (social, economic, and political groups)
What does it mean to be a person with two spirits? - Answers -In some Plains Indian
tribes, two-spirits were males
who chose to live as women, performing womenʼs
roles in society
Gender Ideology - Answers -culturally determined roles for male or female
, How might we distinguish gender in the archaeological record? - Answers -
What is kinship - Answers -socially recognized/ culturally constructed networks of
relationships based on marriage and descent
kinship grouping - Answers -the type of relationship individuals have between eachother
ex. close family, extended family
What are kinship systems? - Answers -blends biological and descent with cultural rules
that define some people as close or some as distant
Bilateral descent - Answers -standard kinship type in north america and other
industrialized nations, trace family through mother and father- nuclear family is most
important economic unit
Matrilineal descent - Answers -traces relatives through female lineage (10% of groups
ethnographically) associated with horticulture, long distance hunting and/or warfare with
distant enemies
Patrilineal descent - Answers -lineage is on father's side
How can we study kinship descent in the archaeological record? - Answers -
ethnographically
bilocal - Answers -newly weds live wherever, not tied to grooms village or brides village
bc they are equally related to both sides
patrilocal - Answers -newly married couple lives in groom's village because they are
related to that side of the family
-houses less than 60 meters suqared
matrilocal - Answers -newly married couple lives in brides village bc they trace lineage
through that side of the family
What is status? - Answers -rights, duties, responsibilities, and liabilities that accrue to a
recognized and named social position
Ascribed status - Answers -duties, obligations, are passed on
Ex. British Monarchy
Achieved status - Answers -Earned status
Ex. CEO of public company
What is an egalitarian society? - Answers -the number of valued positions is equal to
number of people available to fill them, no one holds complete authority over another
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