EAPS 245 Final Review Questions With 100% Correct Answers|45 Pages
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What do we call the circular patterns of ocean currents that is driven by the Earth's rotation? - ️️Gyres
What feature would not make a fossil useful for determining relative geologic ages? - ️️The species had a very small population
What is the controversial name for the period of geolog...
EAPS 245 Final
What do we call the circular patterns of ocean currents that is
driven by the Earth's rotation? - ✔ ✔ Gyres
What feature would not make a fossil useful for determining
relative geologic ages? - ✔ ✔ The species had a very small
population
What is the controversial name for the period of geological history
when humans have been able to significantly alter the planet that
has been proposed by some Earth scientists? - ✔ ✔
Anthropocene
What is the key process that causes the ocean crust to be pulled
into the Earth's mantle? - ✔ ✔ Metamorphism transforms the
basalt that forms ocean crust into a rock that is more dense than
the Earth's upper mantle. This transition pulls oceanic crust
downward as it sinks.
What is the most common class of mineral within the Earth's
crust? Hint: Remember the most common elements in the Earth's
crust. - ✔ ✔ Silicate Minerals
What is the name for a mud flow that is composed of volcanic
debris? - ✔ ✔ Lahar
,What is the name for the clouds of matter that collapse to form
stars and planetary systems? - ✔ ✔ Nebulae
What is the name for the density driven circulation of seawater
from shallow to deep depths (and back) within the ocean? - ✔
✔ Thermohaline circulation
What is the name for the transitional zone between warm water at
shallow depths and cold water at great depths in low latitude
oceans? - ✔ ✔ Thermocline
What is the reason why faults tend to move intermittently (stick-
slip behavior) instead of continuously? - ✔ ✔ Friction
What is the source of most dissolved solids in the ocean? - ✔ ✔
Chemical weathering of rocks
What is the term for the ACTUAL vertical distribution of
temperature in the Earth's troposphere? - ✔ ✔ Environmental
lapse rate
What magma property listed below would not lead to explosive
volcanic eruptions? - ✔ ✔ ***Low viscosity (flows with relative
ease)
High viscosity (flows with difficulty)
,High gas content
What process causes the Hawaiian islands to go from high
volcanic mountains to very low-lying, small islands over long
periods of time? - ✔ ✔ Erosion
What process is constantly removing material from mountain
ranges? Hint: Think back to earlier in the course. - ✔ ✔
Weathering and Erosion
What process leads to partial melting of the Earth's mantle and
the production of large volumes of basaltic magma at mid-ocean
ridges? - ✔ ✔ Melting triggered by decompression as the
Earth's mantle flows upward
What source of energy heats the Earth's atmosphere? - ✔ ✔
Solar radiation
When a continent is pulled into a subduction zone it will
__________? - ✔ ✔ The continent will resist being pulled into
the Earth's deep interior because it is composed of rocks that are
much less dense than the rocks that compose Earth's mantle.
When air is heated near the surface of the Earth it will become
less dense and begin to rise. As it rises, it will cool according to
the __________. - ✔ ✔ Adiabatic lapse rate
When the adiabatic lapse rate is shallower than the environmental
lapse rate, a package of air near the surface of the Earth will not
, spontaneously rise. How would we characterize atmospheric
stability in this situation? - ✔ ✔ Absolute atmospheric stability
Which electromagnetic radiation wavelength is efficiently
observed using ground based telescopes? - ✔ ✔ Radio waves
A river requires _______ to transport large pieces of rock (i.e.,
sedimentary clasts) when compared to smaller clasts. Please fill
in the blank with the best answer choice. - ✔ ✔ faster flowing
water
A single, cold snowy day indicates that the global mean
temperature is getting colder and a single, hot day indicates that
the global mean temperature is getting hotter. - ✔ ✔ False
About 50% of the solar radiation that enters the Earth's
atmosphere is __________. - ✔ ✔ Absorbed by Earth's surface
Air moving across the surface of the Earth from middle latitudes
toward the equator will always be deflected to the _______ by the
Coriolis effect. - ✔ ✔ West
Alfred Wegener proposed that the continents had once been joined
into a super continent and then drifted apart. Which of the
following was a line of evidence that he used to make this
proposal? - ✔ ✔ The coastlines of continents look like they fit
together in the past.
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