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UBCO BIOL 205 Invertebrate Zoology III
Exam Questions and Answers
Phylum Arthropoda - ANSWER✔✔-Includes spiders, crustaceans, insects, and more. Over one million
species, coelom reduced to heart and gonads, metameric segmentation, chitinous exoskeleton or cuticle,
tracheal systems, open circulatory system, lack locomotory cilia, jointed limbs, tagmatization
Subphylum Trilobita - ANSWER✔✔-Includes the extinct trilobites, all marine and bottom-dwelling, 3
tagmata
Subphylum Chelicerata - ANSWER✔✔-Possess chelicerae for feeding, have pedipalps in some, walking
legs, two tagmata (prosoma and opisthosoma), no antennae, no mandibles. Includes spiders and
horseshoe crabs
Chelicerae - ANSWER✔✔-1st pair of ancestral limbs in chelicerates, can have fangs and venom in
arachnids such as spiders
Pedipalps - ANSWER✔✔-2nd pair of ancestral limbs in chelicerates, used to hold food, not present in
Horseshoe crabs
Class Merostomata - ANSWER✔✔-Prosoma is covered by a hard carapace, 5 pairs of walking legs, no
pedipalps, opisthosoma attached to prosoma by broad hinge, book gills, telsun (tail), chelate limbs,
simple and compound eyes, includes horseshoe crabs and extinct giant water scorpions
Class Pycnogonida - ANSWER✔✔-Marine, small body, organs extend into their legs, piercing/sucking
mouthparts, sea spiders
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Class Arachnida - ANSWER✔✔-No antennae, no mandibles, no limbs associated with opisthosoma,
includes spiders and scorpions
Order Araneae - ANSWER✔✔-~48 000 species, each chelicerae has associated venom gland, hairs for
tactile sensation, striated muscles in legs, pump digestive enzymes into prey to liquidize prey, book
lungs, malpighian tubules, silk glands, includes spiders
Mesothelae - ANSWER✔✔-Have orthognath (parallel) fangs, ancestral body, evidence of segmented
abdomen, includes some trapdoor spiders
Mygalomorphs - ANSWER✔✔-Orthognath (parallel) fangs, don't tend to build webs, sister to
Araneomorphs, includes new world tarantualas: Sydney funnel-web spider, Goliath bird-eating spider,
and mouse spiders
Araneomorphs - ANSWER✔✔-Have labiognath (opposable/pinching) fangs, sister to Mygalomorphs,
includes all web-builders, includes 90% of spiders: Jumping spiders, wolf spiders, and huntsman spiders
Order Scorpionida - ANSWER✔✔-Terrestrial, deliver venom with scleritized telsun, opisthosoma divided
into mesosoma (abdomen) and metasoma (tail), pectines for senation, fluoresce under UV light, chelate
chelicerae, chelate pedipalps (large claws), includes scorpions
Order Opiliones - ANSWER✔✔-No pedicel, chelate chelicerae, easily automotize limbs, includes
harvestmen/daddy long legs
Order Acari - ANSWER✔✔-Fused prosoma and opisthosoma, ectoparasites, ticks have an extensible
cuticle, dig mouthparts into skin, chiggers are larval trombiculid mites, scabies cause sarcoptic mange,
demodes cause demodectic mange, includes ticks and mites
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