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Congress PS 103 Study guide Final questions and answers already passed 2024
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Congress PS 103 Study guide Final questions and answers already passed 2024
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Congress PS 103 Study guide FinalWhat impact does gatekeeping power on the part of the majority party have
on legislative outcomes? - correct answer ✔Being in the majority party
allows them to decide many legislative outcomes. Controlling the status quo
or being the first moving actor in policy circumstances puts them in a place
that allows them to act on their party's policies.
Tools gatekeepers use - correct answer ✔Mark up a bill: committee takes
the text of a bill and makes changes, or reporting it: vote to approve it and
send to the next stage. After it is reported, it's placed on the house calendar.
Bills are almost never considered from calendar, so they set priorities.
How does the House Rules Committee gatekeep? - correct answer ✔The
House Rules Committee decides which bills to legislate. Has the freedom to
look at bills and write "special rule" (we'll consider it and for how long), this is
the number one way legislation gets to the floor.
Limits on the use of gatekeeping - correct answer ✔This is not a formal rule
in congress and can't be truly enforced, it is only there if they win the status
quo.
Challenges facing the speaker of the house - correct answer ✔more difficult
to establish a firm agenda of business
Challenges facing the senate majority leader - correct answer ✔Must
achieve more cross-party consensus than is necessary for the house
party polarization makes this difficult.
filibuster - any member of the senate can delay getting legislation passed.
need 60 votes to invoke cloture.
,in a polarized senate, they are commonly waged by those who skillfully exploit
senate rules.
almost impossible to push past procedural hurdles created by the Senate
minority
non-germane: amendments can have nothing to do with the bill.
What do Brady and Volden mean by "gridlock"? - correct answer ✔the
revolving gridlock theory is based on a one-dimensional spacial model. on any
particular issue, legislators can be assigned positions from most liberal to
most conservative. preferences may be revealed through interest groups.
Main sources of gridlock in the US system - correct answer ✔1. the senate
filibuster
2. presidential veto: president adopts a conservative position on an issue the
region of inaction is moved further to the right, the logic is the same here with
the filibuster.
if a bill is to become a law, it must gain a majority in both houses and not be
killed by a filibuster or veto.
What are the main obstacles to effective party government in the Senate? -
correct answer ✔Holds: permits one or more senators to block for action on
measures by asking their party leaders not to schedule them.
Filibuster: Someone tries to hold up voting process, maybe doesn't have
enough votes to defeat the bill.
Stop filibuster- invoke cloture to get to a vote. 60 votes needed to get cloture.
then you still need 51 votes to pass the legislation.
Even the threat of a filibuster can encourage compromises between
legislation.
Does the rise in partisan voting on the Senate floor indicate that these
obstacles have been overcome? Why or why not - correct answer ✔The
, filibuster gives rise to partisan voting. In a polarized senate, filibusters are
done by those who want to exploit senate rules because they know it will be
difficult to get someone from the opposing party to change their vote. It
permits a united minority to kill bills and increases the value of holding
together. Without the filibuster, more compromise would happen. So no - has
not been overcome.
What are the sources of increase in the frequency of filibusters in recent
decades? - correct answer ✔Political polarization: senators have generally
been unwilling to embrace changes that would allow for simple majority rule.
They have no incentive to compromise because it goes against their party.
Members individuals goals shaped institutional rules: They realize that a great
part of their own individual power derives from their ability to take advantage
of unlimited debate to block votes on matters that have majority support.
Senate leaders are forced to negotiate with senators who threaten to obstruct.
Senators' prerogatives vs. House members - correct answer ✔ouse
members need to follow well-defined rules and precedents while individual
senators have the freedom to debate and to offer amendments and even have
rights for the minority group: the supermajority rule institution compared with
the majority rule is a core feature of the senate. Requiring 60 votes has
always been the right thing to do, especially in polarized times.
Majority leader is aided in controlling schedule by priority given to him. If
several senators are seeking recognition from the presiding officer, and the
majority leader is one of them, the chair always gives preference to the
majority leader.
They get unanimous consent agreements, House has Special Rules
Committee.
Offering non-germane amendments to legislation under floor consideration.
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