Most of the genetic material of eukaryotes is located in the _____ of the cells. The _____ of the organism is organized on linear pairs of _____ , each of which consist of a long, unbroken _____ molecule of _____ whose sequence of _____ carries the genetic information to make _____. Hence, it is th...
most of the genetic material of eukaryotes is loca
what does this structure represent on a molecular
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Exam 2 Online HW Questions & Answers
Most of the genetic material of eukaryotes is located in the _____ of the cells. The
_____ of the organism is organized on linear pairs of _____ , each of which consist of a
long, unbroken _____ molecule of _____ whose sequence of _____ carries the genetic
information to make _____. Hence, it is the action of the proteins encoded by your
_____ that links your unique set of genetic information, your _____, to your physical,
observable _____. - ANSWERS- nucleus
- genome
- chromosomes
- double-stranded
- DNA
- nucleotide bases
- proteins
- genes
- genotype
- phenotype
What does this structure represent on a molecular level? - ANSWERSA single, double-
stranded molecule of DNA in the condensed state
In the Morse code, a series of two signal types (dots and dashes) code for 26 different
letters of the alphabet. How is this analogous to the genetic code? - ANSWERSThe
bases of DNA code for the more complex amino acid sequence of the proteins in cells.
Write your answer below as mRNA bases from left to right on the shown mRNA
molecule shown above. Do not include spaces or other symbols between the bases. -
ANSWERSGUUACCGAU
Consider the following mRNA transcript:
5'-UCUGAUGGGCUGAGUA-3'
Assuming that this is the complete mRNA molecule, how will ribosomes translate its
sequence into a polypeptide chain? - ANSWERSmethionine, glycine
,Check the mRNA and amino acid sequence in the figure above. Which of the following
mRNAs represents an alternative mRNA sequence that would not change the amino
acid sequence as a consequence of the redundancy of the genetic code? -
ANSWERS5'-AUG-GCU-AAC-GAU-UUC-CAG-UAA-3'
What is the amino acid sequence that corresponds to the following abbreviated DNA
sequence taken from the middle of a gene?
5'TATGAAAGT3' non-transcribed strand
3'ATACTTTCA5' transcribed strand - ANSWERSYES
The different coat colors of the two mouse phenotypes are directly caused by
_________. - ANSWERSdifferences in the protein amino acid sequence
The phenotypic variation in the trait "coat color" in mice is passed from a parent to their
offspring via _______________. - ANSWERSdifferences in DNA sequences in different
parents
Which of the following statements about mutations are true? - ANSWERS- Mutations
are the only source for the origin of new alleles.
- Both substitution and indel mutations could result in a non-sense mutation in the
affected codon following the mutational event.
Consider the wild-type DNA sequence: 3' ATACTTTCA 5'. (Only the transcribed strand
is shown).
Which of the following shows an indel mutation of the wild-type DNA sequence shown
above that does NOT result in a frameshift mutation? - ANSWERS- A[''']TTTCA
- ATA[''']TCA
Consider the following wild-type double-stranded DNA sequence:
5' T A T G A A A G T 3' non-transcribed strand (sense strand)
3' A T A C T T T C A 5' transcribed strand
In the space below, write ONE of the possible DNA sequences of the transcribed strand
shown above that results from BOTH a single substitution mutation of the first codon
AFTER the start codon that would also cause a nonsense mutation. -
ANSWERSATACATTCA
Below are the wild-type sequence of a gene, as well as four alleles that originated from
the wild-type allele via mutational events at some time in the past. Nucleotides that
, differ compared to the wild-type allele as a result of a mutation are shown in bold and
underlined. A missing nucleotide is indicated by a '.
a) Label each allele by cause and by effect of the mutation that caused it.
b) Identify the severity of the mutation on the functioning of the protein end-product
compared to the wild-type.
1) Allele 1
2) Allele 2
3) Allele 3
4) Allele 4 - ANSWERS1) Allele 1
- Mutation type by cause: substitution
- Mutation type by effect: missense
- Severity: not enough information
2) Allele 2
- Mutation type by cause: substitution
- Mutation type by effect: nonsense
- Severity: non-functional protein product
3) Allele 3
- Mutation type by cause: deletion
- Mutation type by effect: frameshift
- Severity: non-functional protein product
4) Allele 4
- Mutation type by cause: substitution
- Mutation type by effect: silent
- Severity: no effect
Follow the instructions above to find the first 15 bases of 3'-->5' template sequence of
the protein-coding sequence of each of the 5 genes in the table below.
1) Rhodopsin
2) alpha hemoglobin
3) nerve growth factor
4) alpha actin - ANSWERS1) Protein: Rhodopsin
- Function: light-sensitive protein in retinal cells of eyes
- Gene ID: RHO
- [TACTTACCGTGTCTT]
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