final labs bios 251 online labs week 6 skeletal sy
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OL Lab 6: Skeletal system
Learning Objectives:
Identify the two divisions of the skeleton.
Identify the bony features found on bones and identify their functions
In this lab, you will use Anatomy TV to explore the skeletal system and correlate the anatomical
structures to its functions. Please read the instructions before you begin with the lab.
Instructions:
A. Preliminary steps:
1. Use the link below to log into Anatomy TV via Chamberlain Library.
https://library.chamberlain.edu/az.php?q=.
2. Select Anatomy TV under popular databases to access the site.
3. Select the ‘Skeletal System’ tile:
4. From the skeletal system module, select the interactive learning module on the left
hand side of the page.
B. Laboratory Steps
Part 1: Analysis of the Skull
1.1 Select the interactive learning: Skull:
Select the interactives circled in red.
,1.2- On the image identify and select a one anatomical structure at a time.
The region selected will appear highlighted.
1.3- Use the controls at the bottom of the page as required. Follow the recommendations
provided for each structure.
1.4- Take a screen shot of the image or save the image using the download icon on
the right hand side tab.
1.5- Create a word document titled “lastname_Lab 6”. Import the image into the document. Use
the functions ‘Insert’ and ‘tool’ (shapes) on word to label the images.
1.6- In complete sentence write the functional role of the selected anatomical structure
under the image.
1.7- Save the file before you proceed to the next structure.
1.8- Follow these steps to analyze all the structures listed below.
, Facial Bones:
a. Bone: compact bone- Compact bone provides the bone with protection and
strength.
b. Compact bone: lacunae- Provides passageways through the extracellular
matrix to the central canal for communication.
c. Compact bone: osteon: Compact bone: osteon- are cylinder like structures
osteocytes and the mineral matric, which are connected by small tunnels
called canaliculi that transport blood.
d. Periosteum- A dense fibrous membrane covering the surface of bones and
serving as an attachment for tendons and muscles.
e. Bone: yellow bone marrow- yellow bone marrow, found within the bones, is
mainly composed of adipose cells. These cells store triglycerides.
f. Endosteum- The endosteum is a thin, vascular membrane lining the inner
surfaces of the bones, such as the medullary cavity. It plays a crucial role
in bone growth, repair, and remodeling by containing osteoblasts and
osteoclasts.
g. Bone: spongy bone- Spongy bone, also known as cancellous bone, is
characterized by a porous, lattice-like structure that provides lightweight
support and houses bone marrow. It is essential for absorbing shock and
distributing forces across bones.
h. Temporal bone: mastoid process- The mastoid process, located on the
temporal bone, serves as an attachment site for neck muscles. It also
contains air cells that help in reducing the weight of the skull and
enhancing voice resonance.
i. Maxilla: alveolar process- The alveolar process of the maxilla is the bony
ridge containing the sockets for the upper teeth. It supports and
stabilizes the teeth, playing a key role in the alignment and function of the
dental arches.
j. Zygomatic bone- The zygomatic bone, or cheekbone, contributes to the
structure of the face by forming the prominence of the cheek. It also
helps to define the orbit and provides attachment points for facial
muscles.
k. Sphenoid bone: greater wing- The greater wing of the sphenoid bone
extends across the skull and contributes to the formation of the base of
the skull, the sides of the head, and parts of the orbit. It provides
attachment points for muscles and helps to stabilize the skull.
l. Mandible: body- The body of the mandible is the horizontal, central portion
of the lower jaw. It supports the lower teeth and provides a structure for
chewing by serving as the site of muscle attachment for mastication.
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