Defining Disability any physical, mental, cognitive, emotional sensory, or developmental issue (or some combination of these) that may interfere with someone's ability to participate equally in the society in which they live complex phenomenon three dimensions 1. impairment 2. activity limitations ...
NUR 412 Final Exam Questions and
Correct Answers
Defining Disability ✅any physical, mental, cognitive, emotional sensory, or
developmental issue (or some combination of these) that may interfere with someone's
ability to participate equally in the society in which they live
complex phenomenon
three dimensions
1. impairment
2. activity limitations
3. participation restriction
ableism ✅bias and prejudice against people with disabilities
the belief that disability makes one in some ways lesser, less deserving of respect,
equal treatment, and equality before the law
results in societal attitudes that assert that it is better not to have a disability
the paradox of disability ✅people living with disabling conditions report a high level of
life satisfaction and well-being
PWD rate their lives as far more satisfying and fulfilling than their non-disabled
counterparts imagine
ADA legislation and disability rights legal protections ✅the ADA prohibits discrimination
on the basis of disability in employment, accommodations, transportation, etc
ADA challenges: confusion over what is covered, who is required to comply; insufficient
funding; filing can be complicated
healthcare disparities among PWD ✅greater burden of disease
receive fewer preventative services
increased fear of hospitals, length of stays, morbidity rates, financial concerns, rates of
preventable deaths
decreased satisfaction with healthcare received, self-reported health
common experiences in HC of PWD ✅unhelpful/negative/hostile attitudes from HCPs
inadequate communication
neglect of basic HC needs
diagnostic and medical errors
unnecessary medical procedures
missed opportunities for care
unwelcome physical environments
HCP not involving them in treatment
data gap with PWD ✅hospitals do not collect much data on disability status
, addressing this problem: incorporate disability status as a quality improvement indicator
(intake forms), surveys to identify health disparities
environmental health ✅the study of how environmental factors affect human health
and quality of life
addresses all external, physical, chemical, and biological factors and related behaviors
targets prevention and control of the related disease etc
built environment ✅The man-made surroundings that provide the setting for human
activity, ranging in scale from personal shelter to neighborhoods to the large-scale civic
surroundings.
built environment impacts on health (direct & indirect) ✅direct: exposure to hazardous
conditions or substances that impact health (wind damage, flooding)
indirect: effect of the built environment on health-related behaviors that then impact
health (increased risk of CV disease due to lack of nutrient-dense food)
sustainability ✅The use of Earth's renewable and nonrenewable natural resources in
ways that do not constrain resource use in the future.
requires that human beings and the environment coexist harmoniously
keys: economically viable, environmentally appropriate, socially just, meets the needs of
present and future generations
upstream focus ✅moves our thinking to those factors that are in the institutional and
system level rather than looking solely at healthcare lifestyle issues (upstream from the
identified problem)
components: use of environmental health history in nursing assessments, embedding of
environmental health information into nursing practice settings, increasing education
and research, advocating for at risk groups
precautionary principle ✅aims to prevent problems from occurring
preventative, anticipatory measures should be take when an activity raises threats of
harm to the environment
the burden of proof is on the person proposing the activity that could have potential
harm
if there is an absence of clear data that indicates the safety of something, it should not
be used
environmental justice ✅the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people
regardless of race, color, national origin, or income with respect to the development,
implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies.
air pollution (types) ✅composed of a number of materials such as aerosols criteria air
pollutants, volatile organic compounds, and other gases
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