"ABCDE's" of Mole Assessment - A = Asymmetry (one side of mole is
NOT the same as the other side)
B = Border of mole is irregular.
C = Color is variable (e.g., brown/ black/
tan colors in the same mole) or dark color.
D = Diameter > 6mm (about the same diameter as
an eraser on a #2 pencil)...
SLCC Pathophysiology Final Exam "ABCDE's" of Mole Assessment - A = Asymmetry (one side of mole is NOT the same as the other side) B = Border of mole is irregular. C = Color is variable (e.g., brown/ black/ tan colors in the same mole) or dark color. D = Diameter > 6mm (about the same diameter as an eraser on a #2 pencil) E = Elevation - raised from the surrounding skin, and/or... E = Evolution (changes) in the appearance of nevi over time 6 F's Risk Factors Cholecystitis - Fat Fare Fertile Fourties Female Family Hx ACCESS - Alcohol Corticosteroid use Calcium Low Estrogen Low Smoking Sedentary Life Style Eating, Family, Genetics, Lifestyle, Menopause, Physical Activity, Steroids Acquired Immunity types - Naturally Acquired Passively -mother's milk Actively -infected with pathogen Artificially Acquired Passively -vaccine Actively -Serum gamma globulin Actinic Keratosis - Premalignant lesion from sun exposure that can → squamous cell carcinoma. Acute compartment syndrome - Occurs as a result of trauma or loss of blood supply to the appendage Acute Glomerulonephritis - *Immune Complex, RBC & Proteinuria, Periorbital Edema* caused by a group A strep Bacteria→Immune complex breaks filtration→autoimmune disorder Acute Renal Failure - *Potentially Reversible* Decrease Blood Flow←Trauma or ischemia Obstruction ↔inflammatory response Glomerulonephritis Certain Medications Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome - Starts with Acute lung injury/insult (ALI) First Stage→Respiratory Alkalosis→hyperventilation Intermediate stage→ACIDOSIS Respiratory→ hypoventilation and Metabolic K⁺ cell breakdown Intermediate stage→PULMONARY EDEMA →cell breakdown turns on inflammatory response Intermediate state→BLOOD CLOTTING platelets responds to inflammation further blocking perfusion Late stage→RESPIRATORY FAILURE continued acidosis Adrenal Gland Abnormalities - Addison's Disease→Hyposecretion of Adrenal Cortical Cushing's Disease→Hypersecretion of Adrenal Cortical Pheochromocytoma→Hypersecretion of catecholamines Airborne Precautions - "You're on the air with MTV" measels, tuberculosis, varicella Angioma - benign tumors derived from cells of the vascular or lymphatic vessel walls (endothelium) or derived from cells of the tissues surrounding these vessels Autonomic Dysreflexia - is an abnormal cardiovascular response to stimulation of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system; occurs as a result of stimulation of the bladder, large intestine, or other visceral organs not being able to send correct signals Bacteria - Reproduces independently, does not need a host Gram positive -Exotoxin producing - toxin released when alive - less dangerous Gram negative -Endotoxin producing - toxin released when dead - more dangerous Bacteria Chlamydia and Rickettsia - Reproduce independently but need host cell for energy. Basal cell Carcinoma - Most Common - Least Lethal. Rarely metastasizes. A persistent, non -healing sore is a very common sign of an early BCC. Can be an open sore that bleeds, oozes, or crusts and remains open for a few weeks, only to heal up and then bleed again Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) - Nonmalignant enlargement of the prostate gland. Age -
related but otherwise unknown etiology. Frequency, urgency, straining to void, decreased urine stream, incontinence, impotence, palpable prostate, nocturia. Can give a false -positive PSA test Bleeding Times - anticoagulants PT Coumadin
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