MED-SURGE HESI RN
1. A client on telemetry has a pattern of uncontrolled atrial fibrillation with a rapid ventricular response. Based on this finding, the nurse anticipates assisting the physician with which treatment?
A. Administer lidocaine, 75 mg intravenous push.
B. Perform synchronized card...
Medical Surgical
HESI RN Exam
with NGN
(2023/2024)
Verified Questions
and answers with
Rationale
,MED-SURGE HESI RN
1. A client on telemetry has a pattern of uncontrolled atrial fibrillation with a
rapid ventricular response. Based on this finding, the nurse anticipates
assisting the physician with which treatment?
A. Administer lidocaine, 75 mg intravenous push.
B. Perform synchronized cardioversion.
C. Defibrillate the client as soon as possible.
D. Administer atropine, 0.4 mg intravenous push.
Rationale:
With uncontrolled atrial fibrillation, the treatment of choice is synchronized
cardioversion to convert the cardiac rhythm back to normal sinus rhythm. Option
A is a medication used for ventricular dysrhythmias. Option C is not for a client
with atrial fibrillation; it is reserved for clients with life-threatening dysrhythmias,
such as ventricular fibrillation and unstable ventricular tachycardia. Option D is
the drug of choice in symptomatic sinus bradycardia, not atrial fibrillation.
2.A practical nurse (PN) tells the charge nurse in a long-term facility that she does
not want to be assigned to one particular resident. She reports that the male
client keeps insisting that she is his daughter and begs her to stay in his room.
What is the best managerial decision?
A. Notify the family that the resident will have to be
discharged if his behavior does not improve.
B. Notify administration of the PN's insubordination and
need for counseling about her statements.
C. Ask the PN what she has done to encourage the resident
to believe that she is his daughter.
D. Reassign the PN until the resident can be assessed more
completely for reality orientation.
Rationale:
Temporary reassignment is the best option until the resident can be examined
and his medications reviewed. He may have worsening cerebral dysfunction from
an infection or electrolyte imbalance. Option A is not the best option because the
family cannot control the resident's actions. The administration may need to
know about the situation, but not as a case of insubordination. Implying that the
,PN is somehow creating the situation is inappropriate until a further evaluation
has been conducted.
3.Client census is often used to determine staffing needs. Which method of
obtaining census determination for a particular unit provides the best formula for
determining long-range staffing patterns?
A. Midnight census
B. Oncoming shift census
C. Average daily census
D. Hourly census Rationale:
An average daily census is determined by trend data and takes into account
seasonal and daily fluctuations, so it is the best method for determining staffing
needs. Options A and B provide data at a certain point in time, and that data
could change quickly. It is unrealistic to expect to obtain an hourly census, and
such data would only provide information about a certain point in time.
4.The nurse is counseling a healthy 30-year-old female client regarding
osteoporosis prevention. Which activity would be most beneficial in achieving the
client's goal of osteoporosis prevention?
A. Cross-country skiing
B. Scuba diving
C. Horseback riding
D. Kayaking Rationale:
Weight-bearing exercise is an important measure to reduce the risk of
osteoporosis. Of the activities listed, cross-country skiing includes the most
weight-bearing, whereas options B, C, and D involve less.
5.Which condition should the nurse anticipate as a potential problem in a female
client with a neurogenic bladder?
A. Stress incontinence
B. Infection
C. Painless gross hematuria
D. Peritonitis Rationale:
Infection is the major complication resulting from stasis of urine and subsequent
catheterization. Option A is the involuntary loss of urine through an intact urethra
, as a result of a sudden increase in intraabdominal pressure. Option C is the most
common symptom of bladder cancer. Option D is the most common and serious
complication of peritoneal dialysis.
6.A client is being discharged following radioactive seed implantation for prostate
cancer. What is the most important information that the nurse should provide to
this client's family?
A. Follow exposure precautions.
B. Encourage regular meals.
C. Collect all urine.
D. Avoid touching the client.
Rationale:
Clients being treated for prostate cancer with radioactive seed implants should be
instructed regarding the amount of time and distance needed to prevent
excessive exposure that would pose a hazard to others. Option B is a good
suggestion to promote adequate nutrition but is not as important as option A.
Option C is unnecessary. Contact with the client is permitted but should be brief
to limit radiation exposure.
7. In assessing a client with an arteriovenous (AV) shunt who is scheduled for
dialysis today, the nurse notes the absence of a thrill or bruit at the shunt site.
What action should the nurse take?
A. Advise the client that the shunt is intact and ready
for dialysis as scheduled.
B. Encourage the client to keep the shunt site elevated
above the level of the heart.
C. Notify the health care provider of the findings
immediately.
D. Flush the site at least once with a heparinized saline
solution.
Rationale:
Absence of a thrill or bruit indicates that the shunt may be obstructed. The nurse
should notify the health care provider so that intervention can be initiated to
restore function of the shunt. Option A is incorrect. Option B will not resolve the
obstruction. An AV shunt is internal and cannot be flushed without access using
special needles.
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