Samenvatting van de volledige cursus op basis van de notities en slides en gastcolleges voor het vak Economic Aspects of European Integration van prof. Filip Abraham (T)EW/HIR master keuzevak. Geslaagd in 1ste zit met 14/20.
Economic Aspects of European Integration
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Part 1: The Political Dimension............................................................................... 3
1: Facts, law, institutions and the budget...............................................................3
1.1: Legal framework.......................................................................................... 3
1.2.1 Pre-Lisbon Treaty.................................................................................... 4
1.2.2 Post-Lisbon.............................................................................................. 5
1.3: EU law.......................................................................................................... 5
1.4: The Big-5 institutions................................................................................... 6
1.5: Legislative processes................................................................................... 8
1.6: The budget................................................................................................... 8
2: Decision-making in the EU................................................................................ 10
2.1: Task allocation and subsidiarity: EU practices and principles....................10
2.2: Understanding the task allocation: the theory of fiscal federalism............11
2.3: Economic view of decision-making.............................................................13
Part 2: European Economic and Monetary Union and Macro-Economic Policy......13
1: The Eurozone as a not so Optimum Currency Area..........................................13
2: The Building Blocks of European Economic and Monetary Union.....................15
2.1: The Experience with the EMU: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly...............15
2.2: Monetary Union.......................................................................................... 16
2.3: Banking Union............................................................................................ 17
2.4: Fiscal Union................................................................................................ 19
2.5: Social Union............................................................................................... 19
3: The Macro-Economic Challenges for the Eurozone (guest lecture 12/10)........19
3.1: Context....................................................................................................... 19
3.2 : Economic Activity...................................................................................... 20
3.3: Inflation and interest rates.........................................................................20
Part 3: Global EU Policies...................................................................................... 21
1: Global Trade and Investment Strategies..........................................................21
1.1 Criteria........................................................................................................ 21
1.2: The Multilateral Strategy of the EU............................................................21
1.3: The Regional and Minilateral Strategy of the EU........................................23
1.4: EU Strategic Globalization and Protection in Difficult Times.......................25
2: Current Challenges of the EU in a Global Context (guest lecture 14/12 –
Herman Van Rompuy).......................................................................................... 28
2.1: Geopolitical What is the impact on 3 global actors and Russia? ...............28
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, 2.2: Great uncertainty and fear in economic and socio-economics...................30
2.3: What should EU do in this world full of tectonic shifts of all kinds?............31
3: EU Foreign Policy (Guest lecture 21/12) – Jan Wouters.....................................34
3.1: Introduction: times of crisis........................................................................34
3.2: The EU’s commitment to multilateralism...................................................35
3.3: The informal clubs: the EU at G7 and G20.................................................35
3.4: Full actorness: the EU at the WTO..............................................................36
3.5: Full participant: the EU at the OECD..........................................................37
3.6: Limited actorness: the EU at UN economic fora.........................................38
3.7: (Almost) no actorness: the EU at the Bretton Woods institutions (IMF &
Worldbank)........................................................................................................ 38
3.8: Concluding remarks................................................................................... 38
Part 4: The EU Internal Market............................................................................. 39
1: The Economics of the Internal Market..............................................................39
1.1: The Creation of the EU Single Market – An Economic Analysis...................39
1.2: Market liberalization................................................................................... 41
1.3: Theories of Market Integration...................................................................43
1.3.1: Segmented Markets............................................................................. 43
1.3.2: Single Market....................................................................................... 44
1.4: The effect of establishing competition.......................................................47
2: Innovation and Innovation Policy in the EU (guest lecture 16/11)....................47
2.1: Setting the scene on innovation (background)...........................................47
2.1.1: Horizon 2020 Background....................................................................47
2.1.2: Horizon 2020 – Lessons learned...........................................................48
2.2: Widening participation............................................................................... 49
2.3: Pillars of Funding........................................................................................ 49
2.4: Budgets and Instruments...........................................................................50
2.5: Reflections on European Policies................................................................51
3: Competition Policy in the Internal Market.........................................................51
3.1: What is competition policy?.......................................................................51
3.2: Business Impact of Competition.................................................................53
3.3: Anti-Subsidy Policy (State Aid Control).......................................................55
3.4: Anti-Trust Policy towards Dominant Positions............................................56
3.5: Dealing with cross-border mergers and acquisitions..................................57
3.6: The control of subsidies............................................................................. 60
4: EU Single Market: where are we today? (guest lecture 30/11).........................61
4.1: Free movement of goods........................................................................... 61
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, 4.2: Free movement of labor/workers...............................................................63
4.3: Free movement of capital..........................................................................63
4.4: Free movement of services........................................................................64
4.5: Digital single market.................................................................................. 65
4.6: Public procurement.................................................................................... 67
4.7: Consumer Protection Policy........................................................................67
Part 1: The Political Dimension
1: Facts, law, institutions and the budget
1.1: Legal framework
Establishment of European Economic Community in 1958 by Treaty of Rome
3
, No visible Common external Complete Common monetary Common
internal trade tariff/trade barriers factor policy, harmonized economic policy
barriers mobility economic policy
Free Trade v x x x x
Agreement (FTA)
Customs Union (CU) v v x x x
Common Market v v v x x
Economic and v v v v x
Monetary Policy
Complete economic v v v v v
integration
Complete economic integration not yet established
Single Market/Single European Act (1987)
- Free movement of goods, persons services and capital
- 4 freedoms, promised by Treaty of Rome
1.2.1 Pre-Lisbon Treaty
Before, there was the EEC that mattered a lot, and other communities (Coal and Steel or Euratom) that
didn’t the Maastricht Treaty (1992) took a big leap forward in economic integration w/ the
monetary union also a broadening of European integration ambition Maastricht Treaty:
monetary union and single currency (€), European Central Bank (ECB), EU-citizenship (= right to
move, live and vote in any EU state), and social chapter
MS: suspicious that new broadening might get out of hand if European Commission and European
Court kept pushing for a closer Europe up to Maastricht Treaty, most integration initiatives were
subject to the ToR’s supranational decision-making procedures the European Court was the
ultimate authority over disputes involving all such laws and the Court’s rulings occasionally had the
effect of boosting integration
Supranationality: created 2 problems
Discussion between federalists and intergovernmentalists on the one hand, some EU
members (= the vanguard, e.g. Germany): more European integration to areas not covered by
the treaties, e.g. social policy other member (= the doubters, e.g. Britain): worried that
supranational decision-making procedures were producing an irresistible increase in the depth
and breadth of European integration that forced their citizens to accept more integration than
they wanted to the doubters a particular worrisome feature was the EU Court’s ability to
interpret the ToR and subsequent amendments
Problem w/ integration taking place outside the EU’s structure due to differences between
vanguard and doubters e.g. the Schengen Accord 5 out of 6 signed an agreement ending
controls on their internal frontiers outside EU structure, many feared tensions between MS
Maastricht Treaty: drew a clear line between supranational and intergovernmental policy areas by
creating a 3 pillar organizational structure
The deep economic integration (ToR, Single
European Act and monetary union): supranational 1 st
pillar
Intergovernmental policies (foreign/defense matters
or police, justice, other home affairs) are under the
EU roof, but not subject to supranationality in terms
of decision-making and EU Court rulings
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