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- Universiteit Gent (UGent)
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EIJHAS – academiejaar 2022-2023Resume book European and
International justice, home affairs and
security policy
Acronyms
ANPR Automated number plate recognition
API Advanced passenger information
AWF Analytical work files
BEU Benelux economic union
BET Treaty on extradition and mutual legal assistance in criminal matters
CATS Committee on article thirty-six
CDCJ European committee on legal co-operation
CDCT Council of Europe counter-terrorism committee
CDPC European committee on crime problems
CEAS Common European asylum system
CJEU Court of justice of the European Union
CEPOL European police college
CFSP Common foreign and security policy
CODEXTE Committee of experts on terrorism
R
CoE Council of Europe
COM European commission
COMIX Mixed committee
COPEN Working party on judicial cooperation in criminal matters
COREPER Committee of permanent representatives
COSI Standing committee on operational cooperation on internal security
COTER Counter terrorism working group of the European union
CPT European committee for the prevention of torture and inhuman or
degrading treatment or punishment
CSC Conference on security cooperation in Europe
CSDP Common security and defence policy
DAPIX Working party on data protection and international exchange
DROIPEN Working party on substantive criminal law
EASO European asylum support office
EAW European arrest warrant
EC European community
EC3 European cybercrime centre
ECHR European convention for the protection of human rights and fundamental
freedoms
ECOSOC United nations economic and social council
ECRIS European criminal records information system
ECRIS- Centralised system for the identification of Member States holding
TCN conviction information on third-country nationals and stateless persons,
supplementing ECRIS
ECSC European coal and steel community
ECtHR European court of human rights
EDF European defence fund
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,EIJHAS – academiejaar 2022-2023
EDPS European data protection supervisor
EDU Europol drugs unit
EEAS European external action service
EEC European economic community
EES Entry/ exit system
EESC European economic and social committee
EIO European investigation order
EIXM European information exchange model
EJN European judicial network
EJTN European judicial training network
ELA European labour authority
EMCDDA European monitoring centre for drugs and drug addiction
ENLETS European network of law enforcement technology services
EPC European political cooperation
EPCTF European police chiefs task force
EPF European peace fund
EPPO European public prosecutor’s office
EPRIS European police records index system
ESDP European security and defence policy
ETIAS European travel information and authorisation system
EU European union
EUAA European union asylum agency
EU European union intelligence analysis centre
INTCEN
EURATOM European atomic energy community
EUROSUR European border surveillance system
FATF Financial action task force
FD Framework decision
FRA Fundamental rights agency
FRONTEX European border and coast guard agency
GRECO Group of states against corruption
GRETA Group of experts on action against trafficking in human beings
GEVIO Group of experts on action against violence against women and domestic
violence
IAEA International atomic energy agency
IARMS Illicit arms records and tracing management systems
ICAO International civil aviation organization
ICCPR International covenant on civil and political rights
IGC Intergovernmental conference
IRMCT International residual mechanism for criminal tribunals
IRU Internet referral unit
JHA Justice and home affairs
JFT Joint investigation team
LEWP Law enforcement working party
LIBE Committee for civil liberties, justice and home affairs
MAG Mutual assistance group
MLA Mutual legal assistance
MONEYVA Committee of experts on the evaluation of anti-money laundering
L measures and the financing of terrorism
MS Member state
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NATO North Atlantic treaty organization
NGO Non-governmental organization
ODIHR Office for democratic institutions and human rights (OSCE)
OECD Organization for economic cooperation and development
OJ Official journal
OLAF European Anti-Fraud Office
OSCE Organization for security and cooperation in Europe
PACE Parliamentary assembly of the council of Europe
PC-CP Council for penological cooperation
PESCO Committee of experts on the operation of European conventions on co-
operation in criminal matters
PfP Partnership for peace
PNR Passenger name record
PROCIV Working party on civil protection
QMV Qualified majority voting
SCIFA Strategic committee on immigration, frontier and asylum
SHAPE Supreme headquarters allied powers Europe
SIC Schengen implementation convention
SIRENE Supplementary information request at the national entry
SIS Schengen information system
SOCTA Serious and organised crime threat assessment
SOFA NATO status forces agreement
TCN Third country nationals
TEC Treaty on European community
TEU Treaty on the European Union
TFEU Treaty on the functioning of the European union
THB Trafficking in Human Beings
TREVI Terrorism, radicalism, extremism and international violence
TWP Working party on terrorism
UDHR Universal declaration of human rights
UN United nations
UNHCR United national high commissioner for refugees
UNODC United nations office on drugs and crime
VIS Via information system
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BENELUX
1. Origin and historical development
The origins of the Benelux partnership date back to the final phase of the Second
World War and focussed on economic matters.
1943: agreement aimed at reinforcing economic relations and facilitating
monetary transactions among them
Belgium
The Netherlands
Luxemburg
These three governments decided to set a fixed exchange rate between the
Belgian-Luxembourg Franc and the Dutch guilder. These governments found that
allowing each other some credit facilities would secure and stabilize trade
relations.
In the following year, the same three countries took this partnership further by
opening their internal borders and establishing free movement of goods,
services, capital and persons.
These principles
Laid down in the 1944 Customs Convention
o This resulted in two things
The abolishment of intra-Benelux custom duties
The establishment of a common import tariff for third countries
Entered into force on the 1st of January 1948
Belgium and the Netherlands were also working together with France for
establishment of the European Coal and Steel community and the European
Economic Community.
1958
Milestone for cooperation between Belgium, The Netherlands and Luxemburg
Ten years after the entry into force of their Custom Convention
The Benelux countries are taking their partnership up to the next level
Signed the Benelux Treaty
o Aimed at establishing the so-called Benelux Economic Union
Has its own institutions
Would draw up its own policy
The protocol laying down a common policy on exports and imports concerning third
countries and agreeing on free movement of capital, was now subsumed in the 1958
Benelux Treaty, which entered into force on 1 October 1960. In the years thereafter,
several instruments were adopted to further shape the Benelux Economic Union.
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