Davies SPI REVIEW| 1704 QUESTIONS| TEST BANK WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
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Ultrasound Physics Review
What action below would be most in keeping with the ALARA principle while performing a diagnostic ultrasound examination?
A: Allow multiple students to scan an obstetrical patient because the fetus is in a good position for imaging.
B: Prolong the sonogram to make videos of the fetus for each fa...
davies spi review| 1704 questions| test bank with complete solution
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Davies SPI REVIEW| 1704 QUESTIONS| TEST
BANK WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
What action below would be most in keeping with the ALARA principle while
performing a diagnostic ultrasound examination?
A: Allow multiple students to scan an obstetrical patient because the fetus is in a
good position for imaging.
B: Prolong the sonogram to make videos of the fetus for each family member.
C: Complete the diagnostic scan in a timely fashion at the lowest output power that
achieves a quality image.
D: Maximize the acoustic output to brighten the overall image.
E: Extend the sonogram beyond the intended scope of the exam requisition.
Correct Answer: C: Complete the diagnostic scan in a timely fashion at the lowest
output power that achieves a quality image.
What does the ALARA principle stand for? Correct Answer: As Low As
Reasonable Achievable
During performance of an obstetrical ultrasound exam you adjust the system
parameters to improve the image. Which of the following parameters would
increase acoustic exposure?
A: Increase gain
B: Increase TGC
C: Increase frequency
D: Increase transmit power
E: Increase frame averaging Correct Answer: D: Increase transmit power
While performing a sonogram to minimize risk to the fetus which imaging mode
trade off would be most applicable?
A: Use M-mode instead of pulsed-wave Doppler to measure the fetal heart rate.
B: Use color Doppler instead of power Doppler to image the umbilical cord.
C: Use pulsed-wave Doppler instead of power Doppler to evaluate the fetal heart.
D: Use harmonics instead of fundamental to image the fetal spine.
E: All of the above. Correct Answer: A: Use M-mode instead of pulsed-wave
Doppler to measure the fetal heart rate.
Gain, TGC, and frame averaging do not affect _______ and therefore do not affect
_______. Correct Answer: -Sound transmission
-Exposure
,T or F: Increasing frequency does not increase exposure. Correct Answer: True
What potential bioeffect occurs through absorption of sound energy by tissue?
A: Cavitation
B: Heating
C: Attenuation
D: Reflection
E: Refraction Correct Answer: B: Heating
When practicing universal precautions you should do all of the following
EXCEPT:
A: Wear gloves when there is a potential for contact with patient bodily fluids.
B: Change gloves when moving from one patient to another.
C: Wash hands immediately after gloves are removed.
D: Wear face masks or eye protection whenever there is a possibility of blood
splashing into your face.
E: Wash gloves between exams for re-use from one patient to another. Correct
Answer: E: Wash gloves between exams for RE-use from one patient to another.
A nosocomial infection is defined as one that is:
A: Resistant to antibiotics
B: Restricted to the respiratory system
C: Hospital-acquired
D: Not contagious
E: Requires isolation Correct Answer: C: Hospital-acquired
Thermally induced biological effects should be preventable by avoiding a local
tissue temperature increase exceeding:
A: 1 degree C
B: 4 degrees C
C: 10 degrees C
D: 95 degrees F
E: None; thermal effects have no threshold. Correct Answer: A: 1 degree C
Which intensity descriptor has the lowest numerical value for the characterization
of a pulsed-wave ultrasonic field?
A: SATA
B: SPTA
C: SATP
,D: SPTP
E: These intensity descriptors are only used for continuous-wave ultrasound.
Correct Answer: A: SATA
Increased tissue heating could occur when you:
A: Decrease frequency.
B: Increase transmit power.
C: Decrease exposure time.
D: Decrease pulse repetition frequency.
E: All of the above Correct Answer: B: Increase transmit power.
A study designed to determine if there is an association between an adverse effect
in a population and exposure to a particular agent is a(n):
A: Case report
B: Epidemiological study
C: In vitro study
D: In vivo study
E: Single-incident investigation Correct Answer: B: Epidemiological study
Which of the following actions is NOT compliant with HIPAA?
A: Cropping all patient identifiers from images used for teaching purposes.
B: Refraining from disclosing patient health information without proper
authorization.
C: Reviewing your neighbors medical studies on your hospital PACS system so
you can give her your opinion of her condition.
D: Covering your daily requisition list so that the names are not visible to patients
and visitors.
E: All of these actions are compliant with HIPAA. Correct Answer: C: Reviewing
your neighbors medical studies on your hospital PACS system so you can give her
your opinion of her condition.
What does HIPAA stand for? Correct Answer: The Health Insurance Portability
and Accountability Act
What does mechanical index indicate on an ultrasound system?
A: The maximum temperature increase in tissue
B: The minimum temperature increase in tissue
C: Acoustic power in milliwatts
D: The liklihood of cavitation during an ultrasound exam
, E: Minutes of exposure time before tissue heating is too great Correct Answer: D:
The liklihood of cavitation during an ultrasound exam.
In medicine what do the initials "PHI" indicate?
A: Private health indicator
B: Personal heart index
C: Personal health information
D: Private health institute
E: Protected health information Correct Answer: E: Protected health information
What should you limit when the thermal index exceeds 1?
A: Overall gain
B: TGC
C: Exposure time
D: Scanning depth
E: All of the above Correct Answer: C: Exposure time
To practice the ALARA principle which of the following techniques should you
employ?
A: Always use the least amount of Reciever gain that allows adequate tissue
visualization.
B: Adjust the controls so that the MI and TI read outs exceed 1.
C: Use the lowest transmit power that allows adequate tissue visualization.
D: Use the highest frame averaging setting.
E: Maximize exposure time. Correct Answer: C: Use the lowest transmit power
that allows adequate tissue visualization.
The thermal index indicates:
A: Estimated maximum temperature increase in tissue
B: Minutes of exposure time before heating is too great
C: Seconds of exposure time before heating is too great
D: Acoustic power in milliwatts
E: Liklihood of cavitation Correct Answer: A: Estimated maximum temperature
increase in tissue.
Which operator control most directly adjusts the intensity of the transmitted pulse?
A: Receiver gain
B: Depth of scanning
C: Acoustic output (transmit) power
D: Time gain compensation (TGC)
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