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The Only EKG Book You’ll Ever Need 9th Edition Thaler Test Bank
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The Only EKG Book You’ll Ever Need 9th Edition Thaler Test Bank Chapter 1: The Basics MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The apex of the heart is formed by the . a. tip of the left ventricle b. tip of the right atrium c. right atrium and right ventricle d. left atrium and left ventricle ANS: A The heart’s apex, or lower portion, is formed by the tip of the left ventricle. The apex lies just above the diaphragm, between the fifth an d sixth ribs, in the midclavicular line. OBJ: Identify the surfaces of the heart. 2. The left atrium receives blood from the . a. pulmonary veins b. aorta c. pulmonary arteries d. inferior vena cava ANS: A The left atrium receives freshly oxygenated blood from the l ungs via the right and left pulmonary veins. OBJ: Identify and describe the chambers of the heart and the vessels that enter or leave each. 3. The anterior surface of the heart consists primarily of the . a. left atrium b. right atrium c. left ventricle d. right ventricle ANS: D The front (anterior) surface of the heart lies behind the stern um and costal cartilages. It is formed by portions of the right atrium and the left and right ventricles. However, because the heart is tilted slightly tow ard the left in the chest, the right ventricle is the area of the heart that li es most directly behind the sternum. WWW.NURSINGTESTBANKSWORLD.COMhttp://www.nursylab.comhttp://www.nursylab.com OBJ: Identify the surfaces of the heart. 4. Blood pressure is determined by multiplied by . a. stroke volume; heart rate b. heart rate; cardiac output c. cardiac output; peripheral vascular resistance d. stroke volume; peripheral vascular resistance ANS: C Blood pressure is equal to cardiac output multiplied by perip heral vascular resistance. OBJ: Identify and explain the components of blood pressure and c ardiac output. 5. The right atrium receives venous blood from the head, neck, a nd thorax via the , from the remainder of the body via the , and from the heart via the . a. coronary sinus; superior vena cava; inferior vena cava b. superior vena cava; coronary sinus; inferior vena cava c. inferior vena cava; superior vena cava; coronary sinus d. superior vena cava; inferior vena cava; coronary sinus ANS: D The right atrium receives blood low in oxygen from the supe rior vena cava, which carries blood from the head and upper extremities; the inferior vena cava, which carries blood from the lower body; and the coronary sinus, which is the largest vein that drains the heart. OBJ: Identify and describe the chambers of the heart and the vessels that enter or leave each. 6. The heart is divided into chambers but functions as a - sided pump. a. two; four b. three; two c. four; two d. four; three ANS: C The heart has four chambers: two atria and two ventricles. The right and left sides of the heart are separated by an internal wall of con nective tissue called a septum . The interatrial septum separates the right and left atria. The interventricular septum separates the right and left ventricles. The septa separate WWW.NURSINGTESTBANKSWORLD.COMhttp://www.nursylab.com
http://www.nursylab.com the heart into two functional pumps. The right atrium and right ventricle make up one pump. The left atrium and left ventricle make up the o ther. OBJ: Identify and describe the chambers of the heart and the vessels that enter or leave each. 7. Stimulation of alpha1 receptors results in . a. increased heart rate b. peripheral vasoconstriction c. constriction of bronchial smooth muscle d. increased force of myocardial contraction ANS: B Alpha1 receptors are found in the eyes, blood vessels, bladder, and male reproductive organs. Stimulation of alpha1 receptor sites result s in constriction. OBJ: Compare and contrast the effects of sympathetic and par asympathetic stimulation of the heart. 8. Which side of the heart is a low-pressure system that pumps venous blood to the lungs? a. Left b. Right ANS: B The job of the right side of the heart is to pump unoxyge nated blood to and through the lungs to the left side of the heart. This i s called the pulmonary circulation . The right side of the heart is a low-pressure system. OBJ: Identify and describe the chambers of the heart and the vessels that enter or leave each. 9. Which side of the heart is a high-pressure system that pumps arterial blood to the systemic circulation? a. Left b. Right ANS: A The left side of the heart is a high-pressure pump. The j ob of the left heart is to receive oxygenated blood and pump it out to the rest of t he body. This is called the systemic circulation . The left ventricle is a high-pressure chamber. Its wall is much thicker than the right ventricle (the right ventricle is 3 t o 5 mm thick; the left ventricle is 13 to 15 mm thick). This is because the left vent ricle must overcome a lot of pressure and resistance from the arteries and contract forcef ully in order to pump blood out to the body. OBJ: Identify and describe the chambers of the heart and the vessels that enter or leave each. 10. The thick, muscular middle layer of the heart wall that cont ains the atrial and ventricular muscle fibers necessary for contraction is the . WWW.NURSINGTESTBANKSWORLD.COMhttp://www.nursylab.com
http://www.nursylab.com a. epicardium b. pericardium c. myocardium d. endocardium ANS: C The myocardium (middle layer) is a thick, muscular layer that consist s of cardiac muscle fibers (cells) responsible for the pumping action of the h eart. OBJ: Describe the structure and function of the coverings o f the heart. 11. Blood flows from the right atrium through the valve into the right ventricle. a. mitral b. aortic c. pulmonic d. tricuspid ANS: D Blood flows from the right atrium through the tricuspid valve i nto the right ventricle. OBJ: Beginning with the right atrium, describe blood flow through the nor mal heart and lungs to the systemic circulation. 12. Rapid ejection of blood from the ventricular chambers of the h eart occurs because the and valves open. a. pulmonic; aortic b. tricuspid; mitral c. pulmonic; mitral d. tricuspid; aortic ANS: A When the ventricles contract, the pulmonic and aortic valves op en, allowing blood to flow out of the ventricles. OBJ: Name and identify the location of the atrioventricular (AV ) and semilunar (SL) valves. 13. The base of the heart is found at approximately the level of the rib(s). a. first b. second c. fourth d. fifth and sixth ANS: B The base of the heart is its upper portion and is formed main ly by the left atrium, with a small amount of right atrium. It lies at approximately the level of the WWW.NURSINGTESTBANKSWORLD.COMhttp://www.nursylab.com
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