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8. Which nurse is famous for creating public health nursing in the United States?
a. Florence Nightingale
b. Frances Root
c. Lillian Wald
d. Mrs. Solomon Loeb
8. Which nurse is famous for creating public health nursing in the United States?
a. Florence Nighti...
ANS: C -
Lillian Wald established the Henry Street Settlement and later emerged as the established leader of public health nursing during its 
early decades. Mrs. Solomon Loeb was a wealthy layperson who assisted Mary Brewster in the establishment of the Henry Street 
Nurses Settlement. Francis Root was the first trained nurse in the United States who was salaried as a visiting nurse. Florence 
Nightingale had many accomplishments, but none of these occurred in the United States.
11. Why were nurses so unprepared for public health nursing in the early 20th century?
a. Public health nursing had not yet been created as a field.
b. No one would teach the nurses how to engage in public health activities.
c. Nightingale’s textbook did not include content on public health nursing.
d. Nurses were educated in diploma schools, which emphasized care of hospital 
clients.
11. Why were nurses so unprepared for public health nursing in the early 20th century?
a. Public hea...
ANS: D -
Nursing school courses taught in diploma schools of nursing emphasized hospital care of patients; thus, nurses were unprepared for 
home visiting. The specialty of public health nursing practice was developed in the early 1800s. There was not a lack of teachers 
for this activity, rather the focus of nursing care was in the acute care setting and not in the community. Nightingale did not have a 
published textbook.
12. A nurse is considering joining the American Public Health Association (APHA). What information about this organization should 
be considered when making this decision?
a. APHA focuses on the public health concerns of the medical profession.
b. APHA represents concerns of nursing specialty practices.
c. APHA provides a national forum for nurses to discuss their public health 
concerns.
d. APHA focuses on providing health promotion education to the public
12. A nurse is considering joining the American Public Health Association (APHA). What information a...
ANS: C -
APHA was formed to facilitate interprofessional efforts and promote the “practical application of public hygiene.” The Public 
Health Nursing Section within APHA provides nurses with a national forum to discuss their concerns and strategies within the 
larger context of the major public health organization. It also serves as a focus of leadership and policy development for 
community/public health nursing. The focus of public health concerns of the APHA is broader than only the medical profession. 
The APHA focuses on concerns of public health nurses, not all nursing specialty practice. The APHA focuses on practical 
application of public hygiene, which is broader than only health promotion education.